اثر تغذیه برگی آهن و روی بر برخی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی میوه سیب ’دلبار استیوال‘

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد و استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر تغذیه برگی آهن و روی بر ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی میوه سیب ’دلباراستیوال‘ مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار روی درختان هشت ساله سیب ’دلباراستیوال‘ با پایه M9 تحت سیستم تربیت Y در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. در طول فصل رشد درختان با سه غلظت، صفر، 50 و 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر کلات­آهن (Fe-EDDHA) و سه غلظت صفر، 5 و 10 میلی­گرم بر لیتر سولفات­روی، فاصله 30، 60 و 90 روز بعد از تمام­گل محلول­پاشی شدند. میوه­ها بعد از برداشت به سردخانه با دمای 1±0 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 90-85 درصد منتقل و به­مدت 5 ماه نگهداری شدند. نمونه­ها در زمان برداشت و نیز به فاصله هر یک ماه از سردخانه خارج و از نظر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت آهن مصرفی، میزان سفتی بافت، ویتامین ث، مواد جامد محلول، ظرفیت ضد اکسایشی و درصد ماده خشک میوه افزایش یافت. محلول­پاشی روی نیز باعث افزایش مقدار ویتامین ث، مواد جامد محلول و درصد ماده خشک شد، اما میزان سفتی بافت گوشت میوه و فنول­ها را کاهش داد. در مجموع می­توان گفت کاربرد آهن و روی برای بهبود خصوصیات کیفی این رقم سیب مناسب بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of foliar application of iron and zinc on some quantitative and qualitative attributes of apple fruit ‘Delbar estival’

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh 1
  • Maryam Karbasi 2
  • Mesbah Babalar 3
  • Alireza Talaie 3
  • Somayeh Aghajany 4
1 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Former M. Sc. Student, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Former M. Sc. Student, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out on the effect of iron and zinc foliar applications on quantity and quality trait of apple ‘Delbar estival’ fruit. The research experiment was carried out as factorial in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications on 8-year-old ‘Delbar estival’ apple trees on M9, trained to Y system in Horticultural Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. During growth season, iron chelate (Fe-EDDHA) in three levels (0, 50, 100 mg/l) and zinc sulfate in three levels (0, 5, 10 mg/l) were sprayed 30, 60 and 90 days after full-bloom. Harvested fruits were transferred to cold storage with 0±1˚C and 85-90% relative humidity and kept for 5 months. In order to measure the treatments effects on qualitative and quantitative fruit traits, samples were assessed at harvest time and monthly intervals during cold storage. Results showed that increased Fe concentration caused enhancement of fruit flesh firmness, vitamin C, soluble solids, antioxidant content and dry matter. Zn could increase vitamin C, soluble solids, dry matter but reduced flesh firmness and total phenols. It can be concluded that, iron and zinc application was suitable for improving the quality indexes for this apple cultivar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Iron chelate
  • total phenol
  • vitamin c
  • Zinc sulfate

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 فروردین 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 مهر 1396

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