ارزیابی دورگ‌های اصلاحی و زودرس انگور از نظر عملکرد و کیفیت محصول

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

اصلاح انگورهای تازه­خوری به­منظور دسترسی به ارقام بی­دانه برتر، اهمیت زیادی در بازاریابی آنها دارد. در این تحقیق شش دورگ جدید اصلاح­شده زودرس انگور، حاصل از تلاقی 4 والد پدری بی­دانه و 7 والد مادری دانه­دار با رقم یاقوتی از نظر کیفیت و عملکرد محصول مقایسه شدند. این تحقیق در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در 8 تکرار (8 بوته به­ازای هر دورگ) در ایستگاه تحقیقات باغبانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، در دو سال 1393 و 1394 با هدف معرفی ارقام انگور بی­دانه زودرس برتر به اجرا درآمد. سن بوته­ها در 4 الی 5 سالگی بود و تربیت آنها به­شکل تربیت پاچراغی بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین تفاوت معنی­داری بین دورگ‌ها در تمامی صفات مورد اندازه­گیری نشان داد. دوره رسیدگی میوه در دورگ‌های S51 و I21 با میانگین 53 و 59 روز، زودرس‌تر از یاقوتی (69 روز) بود. از نظر اندازه حبه دورگ‌های I10 و E10 بیشترین اندازه حبه و رقم یاقوتی کمترین اندازه را  به‌خود اختصاص داد. همچنین دورگ S51 بیشترین نسبت قند به اسید را به خود اختصاص داد. در صفت وزن تر تک­بذر، دورگ I10  و رقم یاقوتی به­ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین وزن تر تک­بذر را به خود اختصاص دادند. در ارزیابی حسی وضعیت بذر توسط داوران، دورگ‌های S51، I21، I13 کاملاً بیدانه، دورگ C25 نسبتاً بی­دانه و دورگ‌های I10 و E10 دانه­دار تشخیص داده شدند. پس از ارزیابی‌های کیفی وکمی، دورگ­های S51 و I21 به­عنوان دورگ‌های برتر بی­دانه و زودرس انتخاب شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of early ripening hybrid grape genotypes in terms of yield and crop quality

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Goodarzi 1
  • Ali Ebadi 2
  • Mohammadreza Fattahimoghadam 2
  • Alireza Rahimi 1
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Breeding of table grapes to obtaine new superior seedless cultivars have a great importance in its marketing. Six new bred early ripening hybrids, derived from crosses among four seedless male parents and seven seeded female parents were compared with ‘Yaghouti’ cultivar. In this study, yield and qualitative traits were studied in randomized complete block design with eight replications (8 plants per hybrid) in horticultural research station of College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran during years 2014 and 2015. All hybrids ages were 4 to 5 years old at the time of evaluation and were trained as head pruning. The results of means comparisons showed significant differences among hybrids for all measured traits. In terms of ripening time, genotypes S51 and I21 with average of 53 and 59 days were ripened earlier than ‘Yaghouti’ (69 days). Hybrids I10 and E10, had maximum berry size while ‘Yaghouti’ had the lowest. Hybrid S51 had highest ratio of sugar to acid. However, hybrid I10 and ‘Yaghouti’ cultivar had the highest and lowest single seed fresh weight. In panel test of seed trait, hybrids S51, I21 and I13 were recognized as completely seedless, C25 as semi seedless, and I10 and E10 as seeded hybrids. Considering all qualitative and quantitative traits, two hybrids (S51 and I21) were selected as superior early ripening seedless hybrids.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Panel test
  • seed fresh weight
  • seedless
  • ‘Yaghouti’

مراجع

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 فروردین 1395

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