مطالعه خصوصیات مورفولوژی و فنولوژی، میزان عناصر غذایی پر مصرف (نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم) و درصد اسانس چهار جمعیت گیاه سنبله‌ای کرکدار (Stachys pilifera L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

3 دانشیار و دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

4 محقق، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، ایران

5 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش پس از شناسایی رویشگاه‌های گیاه سنبله‌ای‌کرکدار (Stachys pilifera L.) در چهار منطقه از استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، از هر رویشگاه 10 نمونه کامل گیاهی در زمان گلدهی برای ارزیابی ریخت‌شناسی و سرشاخه‌های گل‌دار برای استخراج اسانس جمع‌آوری شد. مشخصات جغرافیایی و اقلیمی مربوط به هر رویشگاه یادداشت‌برداری گردید و از هر رویشگاه یک نمونه خاک، برای ارزیابی خصویات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، نمونه‌گیری شد. نتایج به­دست­آمده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SAS تجزیه آماری شد و همبستگی بین صفات ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین درصد نیتروژن (11/1%)، فسفر (233/0%) و پتاسیم اندام هوایی (46/1%) و بیشترین میزان اسانس (8/0%) مربوط به گیاهان رویشگاه لوداب و کمترین این صفات نیز مربوط به گیاهان رویشگاه سپیدار بود. همچنین نشان داده شد که تمامی صفات مورفولوژیک اندازه‌گیری­شده در رویشگاه‌ها، با افزایش ارتفاع کاهش یافت. در نهایت گیاه سنبله‌ای ‌کرکدار واقع در رویشگاه‌های با ارتفاع کمتر از سطح دریا، به­دلیل داشتن خصوصیات رویشی و زایشی بهتر؛ از قبیل بالا بودن طول ساقه گل‌دهنده، طول و عرض برگ و همچنین عملکرد بالای اسانس، می‌تواند در برنامه‌های اصلاحی یا برای اهلی­سازی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of morphological and phonological characteristics and determination of N, P, K and essential oils in four accession of Stachys pilifera L. vin Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Heydari 1
  • Amin Salehi 2
  • Hooshang Farajee 3
  • Shahobodin Mirinejad 4
  • Yaqoub Behzadi 5
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
4 Researcher, Institue of Agricultureal Research and Education and Natural Resource, Kohgiloye and Boyer Ahmad Province, Iran
5 Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the natural habitats of Stachys pilifera L. were identified in different regions of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province. 10 complete plants were collected from localities in order to study and evaluate morphological traits. Flowering stems were used to investigate essential oil quantitatively. Data of locations and vegetative and reproductive characters of each population were recorded. Results were analyzed using a cluster analysis method with SAS software and the correlation between evaluated traits and essential oil productivity was determined. Results showed that the maximum percentage of essential oil (0.8%), nitrogen (1.15%), phosphorus (0.233%), potassium (1.46%) related to plant of Loudab while the minimum percentage of essential oil, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were obtained from plant of Sepidar. It was shown that all attributes measured at habitats except the number of branching stems, decreased with increasing height. Finally the best vegetative and also reproductive characters such as flowering stem length, leaf length and width, and also the highest essential oil production of Stachys pilifera L. were recorded for lowest habitats; therefore, it is recommended for breeding programs or domestication.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flower Diameter
  • flowering stem length
  • habitats
  • longitude
  • margoon

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 233-242

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 اردیبهشت 1397

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