اثر زمان برداشت و کیتوزان بر کیفیت و عمر انبارمانی میوه‌های عروسک پشت‌پرده (Physalis angulata L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

رسیدن میوه شامل تغییرات اساسی فیزیولوژی و بیوشیمیایی است که رنگ، طعم، عطر، بافت و ارزش غذایی میوه­ها را تغییر می­دهد. در طول انبارداری و پس ‌از آن، رسیدن کامل میوه­ها ادامه می­یابد، اگر این میوه­ها مصرف یا فراوری نشوند، بیش ‌از حد رسیده و کیفیت آنها سریعاً روبه‌زوال می­رود. با توجه به این‌که برداشت در زمان مناسب می­تواند عمر مفید میوه را بهبود بخشد؛ به­منظور مطالعه اثر مرحله برداشت و پوشش کیتوزان بر انبارمانی و کیفیت میوه­های عروسک پشت­پرده، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل مرحله برداشت (سبز بالغ، سبز مایل به زرد و زردرنگ) و پوشش کیتوزان (صفر، 5/0 و 1 درصد) بود. میوه­های برداشت و تیمار­شده به­مدت 30 روز در دمای 15 درجه سانتی­گراد نگهداری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر مرحله برداشت و سطوح مختلف پوشش کیتوزان طی انبارمانی تأثیر معنی­داری روی صفات کیفی و عمر انباری میوه داشت. با بلوغ میوه درصد کاهش وزن، میزان ویتامین­ث، کارتنوئید و شاخص طعم به­طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت و میزان کلروفیل، فنل کل و اسیدیته قابل­تیتراسیون کاهش یافت. کاربرد پوشش­ کیتوزان کاهش محتوای کلروفیل، فنل کل، اسیدیته قابل­تیتراسیون، درصد کاهش وزن، روند بلوغ و تغییر رنگ میوه را در مدت ­ انبارمانی به تأخیر انداخت. بیشترین میزان کاهش وزن میوه، شاخص طعم، ویتامین­ث طی بلوغ و انبارداری در میوه­های شاهد مشاهده شد. همچنین میوه­های سبز بالغ تیمار­شده با کیتوزان در سطح 5/0 درصد، بهترین کیفیت  طی انبارمانی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of harvesting stage and chitosan coating on quality and shelf-life of Physalis angulata L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasol Heydarnazhad 1
  • Zahra Ghahremani 2
  • Taher Barzegar 3
  • Vali Rabiei 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Associate Professor , Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Ripening of fruit includes major physiological and biochemical changes that change the color, taste, fruit aroma, texture and nutritional value of fruits.During storage and after the full ripening of fruits, if the fruit is not consumed or processed, over-ripe, and their quality is decaying rapidly. Since the harvest at the right time can improve the shelf life of fruits, therefore, the effect of harvesting stage and chitosan coating were studied on shelf-life and quality of physalis fruit. The experiment was conducted in factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of harvesting stage (green mature, yellowish green and yellow) and chitosan coating (0, 0.5 and 1 percent). Fruits were stored at 15 °C for 30 days. Results showed that the harvesting stage and different levels of chitosan coating had significant effects on quality and shelf-life of fruits during storage time. With fruit maturity, weight loss, vitamin C, carotenoid contents and flavor index significantly increased, and chlorophyll content, Total phenol and TA decreased. Chitosan coating treatment delayed decreasing of chlorophyll content, water loss, total phenol, TA, fruit maturity and color change. During storage time, the highest weight loss, flavor index and vitamin C, was observed in control fruits. Also, mature green fruit treated with 0.5 percent chitosan had the highest quality during storage time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • edible coatings
  • fruit quality
  • physiology of post-harvest
  • vitamin c
  • Physalis angulata L

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 173-186

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 اردیبهشت 1397

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