تعیین ارزش غذایی و ظرفیت پاداکسایشی اندام‌های مختلف دو گونه والک ایرانی (Allium akaka S.G. Gmelin و Allium elburzense W.) در شرایط اقلیمی رویشگاه‌های مختلف و مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

والک یکی از سبزی­های بومی ایران است که چندین گونه از جنس آلیوم و زیرجنس ملانوکرومیوم را شامل می­شود. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی ارزش غذایی و ظرفیت پاداکسایشی اندام­های مختلف هشت جمعیت وحشی از دو گونه والک ایرانی (Allium akaka S.G. Gmelin و Allium elburzense W.) در اقلیم­های مختلف انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد مقدار پتاسیم و کلسیم در رویشگاه اصلی مورد مطالعه، به­ترتیب به‌میزان 182 تا 432 و 159 تا 252 (mg/100g) و در مزرعه نیز به­ترتیب 311 تا 533 و 193 تا 243 (mg/100g) به­دست آمد. مقدار فنل کل به­میزان 73/1 تا 57/2 (g AGE/kg FW)، مقدار اسید آسکوربیک به­میزان 08/6 تا 11/8 (mg/100g FW) و ظرفیت پاداکسایشی در بازه 13/2 تا 02/3 (g AAE/kg FW) در مزرعه به­دست آمد؛ در­حالی­که میزان این ترکیبات در رویشگاه اصلی به­ترتیب در بازه 95/1 تا 52/2(g AGE/kg FW)، 15/6 تا 94/8 (mg/100g FW) و 85/1 تا 07/3 (g AAE/kg FW) بود. ضرایب همبستگی کانونیک نشان دادند که با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح دریا، pH خاک و کاهش میانگین دما، مقدار عناصر روی، آهن و پتاسیم افزایش یافت، که منجر به افزایش ترکیبات دفاعی گیاه، از جمله فنل­ها و در نتیجه ظرفیت پاداکسایشی کل شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد کلسیم، پتاسیم، منیزیم و روی بیشترین اثر را بر سنتز اسید آسکوربیک، فنل­ها و ظرفیت پاداکسایشی، نسبت به سایر عناصر داشتند. بر اساس نتایج بارهای کانونیک، تمام فراسنجه­های محیطی بر ارزش غذایی و ظرفیت پادکسایشی بافت والک اثرگذار بودند که بررسی هرکدام از آنها به­تنهایی و یا چند مورد از آنها، منجر به نتیجه مطلوب نمی‌گردد و تمام این عوامل در کنار یکدیگر، شرایط موجود گیاه را توجیه می­کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of nutritive value and antioxidant capacity of various organs of two Iranian Valak species (Allium akaka S.G. Gmelin and Allium elburzense W.) in different habitates conditions and field

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Jafari 1
  • Mohammadreza Hassandokht 2
  • Mehdi Taheri 3
  • Abdolkarim Kashi 2
1 Former Ph.D. Student, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Research Assistant Professor, Department of Soil and Water, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center (AREEO), Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Valak is a native vegetable of Iran that includes several species of melanocrommyum subgenus belong to the Allium genus. The study was carried out to evaluate nutrition and antioxidant capacity of different organs of eight wild populations of two Iranian Valaks (Allium akaka S.G. Gmelin and Allium elburzense W.) in different environmental conditions. Results showed that amount of K and Ca in origin habitat was ranged from 182 to 432 and 159 to 252 mg/100g, and in field were 311 to 533 and 193 to 243 mg/100g were obtained, respectively. The total phenol in range of 1.73 to 2.57 g AGE/kgFW, acid ascorbic in range of 6.08 to 8.11 mg/100g FW and antioxidant capacity in range of 2.13 to 3.02 g AAE/kgFW were obtained in the field, while amounts of the compositions in origin habitat were calculated 1.95 to 2.52 g AGE/kgFW, 6.15 to 8.94 mg/100g FW and 1.85 to 3.07 g AAE/kgFW, respectively. The canonical correlation coefficients showed increasing of altitude and soil pH and decreasing of average temperature led to increasing of zinc, iron and potassium values; this has caused increase in plant defense compounds, including phenols. Results showed that calcium, potassium, magnesium, and zinc had the greatest influence on the synthesis of ascorbic acid, phenols and antioxidant capacity than other elements. Based on canonical eigenvalues, all of environmental parameters studied were effective on nutrition value and antioxidant capacity of Valak, which study of each alone, or some of them, cannot be lead to the desired result, and all of these factors together justify the plant growing conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • antioxidant capacity
  • Calcium
  • Canonical correlation
  • parametric tests

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 105-118

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 دی 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 دی 1396

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