تأثیر غلظت درشت‌مغذی‌ها ‌بر صفات کمی و کیفی گل شاخه‌بریده سوسن (Lilium LA Hybrid Fangio) در شرایط کشت بدون خاک

نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

2 استاد، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

3 استادیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

4 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر چهار غلظت از درشت مغذیها بر رشد و عملکرد صفات کمی و کیفی گل شاخه بریده سوسن (Lilium LA Hybrid Fangio) در کشت بدون خاک و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار درشت مغذیها، چهار تکرار و ده گلدان در هر تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه گیلان انجام شد. گیاهان با چهار تیمار درشت مغذی (S1، S2، S3 و S4 به ترتیب بیشترین تا کمترین غلظت درشت مغذیها) بر اساس محلول غذایی کوئیک (تغییر یافته) و با غلظت‌های متفاوت نمک‌های نیترات پتاسیم، دی‌پتاسیم هیدروژن فسفات، پتاسیم دیهیدروژن فسفات ، نیترات کلسیم، نیترات آمونیوم، کلرید کلسیم و سولفات منیزیم میلی‌گرم در لیتر محلول آبیاری تغذیه شدند. تمامی محلول‌های غذایی حاوی مقادیر مشابهی از عناصر معدنی میکرو بودند. نتایج داده‌ها نشان داد بین تیمارها از نظر عرض برگ، وزن پیاز دختری، کلروفیل کل برگ، آنتوسیانین گلبرگ، پروتئین گلبرگ و مقدار عناصر نیتروژن، پتاسیم، فسفر و منیزیم موجود در برگ در سطح احتمال 1 درصد و طول غنچه گل، طول برگ و تعداد برگ در سطح احتمال 5 درصد اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. درحالیکه در صفاتی مانند ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد گل، تعداد روز تا گلدهی، تولید تعداد پیازچه‌های دختری، مقدار پرولین، نشت یونی، مقدار آب نسبی برگ و پراکسیده شدن لیپیدها اختلاف، معنی‌دار نبود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of macro elements concentration on quantitative and qualitative traits of lily cut flower (Lilium LA Hybrid Fangio) in soilless culture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Sadat Nabavi Mohajer 1
  • Moazzam HassanpourAsil 2
  • Jamal-Ali Olfati 3
  • Mohammad Reza Khaledian 4
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Univercity of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Univercity of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Univercity of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Univercity of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of four types of nutrient solutions on growth, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Lilium cut flower (Lilium LA Hybrid Fangio) in soilless culture in a completely randomized design with four treatments, four replications with 10 pots per replicate in the research greenhouse of the University of Guilan. Plants with four treatments of macro elements(S1, S2, S3 and S4 highest to lowest macro elements,respectivly) were arranged on the base of modified Quick nutrient solution with different salts including potassium nitrate, di potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, calcium chloride and Magnesium sulfate mg/L. All macro elementscontained similar amounts of micro-elements. Results showed that there were significant difference between different treatments of macro elements for length of bud, leaf length and width, number of leaves, daughter bulb weight, total chlorophyll content of leaf, anthocyanin and petal protein, leaf nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium. Also, significant difference was not observed for traits such as plant height, number of flowers, number of days to flowering, number of daughter bulb, proline content, ion leakage, leaf relative water content and lipid peroxidation in leaf. Results of mean comparison of data showed that S1 treatment, had the highest concentrations of macro elements, had a positive effect on vegetative characteristics such as length of largest flower bud, leaf length and width, leaf number and weight of daughter bulb as well as biochemical parameters like anthocyanin and protein in petal, chlorophyll in leaf, and concentration of mineral elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the leaf of lily cut flower in soilless culture conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Leaf chlorophyll
  • leaf number
  • Nutrient Solution
  • petal anthocyanin

مراجع

  1. Alam, A., Iqbal, M. & Vats, S. (2013). Cultivation of some overlooked bulbous ornamentals-A review on its commercial viability Report and Opinion, 5(3), 9-34.
  2. Anderson, N. O. (2007). Flower breeding and genetics issues challenges and oppurtunitiies for the 21st century. Springer Press.
  3. Arnon, D. S. (1967). Copper enzyme in isolated chloroplast polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Journal of Plant Physiology, 24, 1-15.
  4. Asker, H. M. (2015). Hydroponic technology for lily flowers and bulbs production using rain water and some common nutrient solutions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14(29), 2307-2313.
  5. Barnes, J. (2010). Characterization of nutrient disorders in floriculture crops. M.Sc. Thesis, North Carolina State Univercity.
  6. Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. & Teare, L. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil, 39, 205-207.
  7. Bernstein, N., Ioffe, M., Luria, G., Bruner, M., Nishri, Y., Philosoph-Hadas, S., Salim, S., Dori, I. & Matan, E. (2011). Effects of K and N nutrition on function and production of ranunculus asiaticus pedosphere. Soil Science Society of China, 21(3), 288-301.
  8. Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248-254.
  9. Casades´us, J., Tapia, L. & Lambers, H. (1995). Regulation of K and NO−3 fluxes in roots of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) after changes in light intensity. Physiological of Plant, 93, 279-285.
  10. Chang, Y. C. & Miller, W. B. (2003). Growth and calcium partitioning in Lilium ‘Star Gazer’ in relation to leaf calcium deficiency. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,128,788-796.
  11. Clark, G. E. (1997). Effects of nitrogen and potassium nutrition on soil-grown Sandersonia aurantiaca stem and tuber production. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science,25, 385-390.
  12. Cuquel, F. L., Polack, S. W., Favaretto, N. & Possamai, J. C. (2012). Fertigation and growing media for production of anthurium cut flower. Journal of Horticultura Brasileira,30, 279-285.
  13. De Hertogh, A. A. (1989). Holland bulb forcers guide. (4th ed). Hillegom, The Netherlands.
  14. Devecchi, M. & Remoti, D. (2003). Influence of fertilization on vegetative growth and flowering of the calla (Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng). Journal of Acta Horticulturae, 614, 541-545.
  15. Dhyani, A., Bahuguna, Y. M., Semwal, D. P., Nautiyal, B. P. & Nautiyal, M. C. (2009). Anatomical features of Lilium. American Society Horticultural Science, 5(5), 85-90
  16. Dole, J. M. & Wilkins, H. F. (1999). Floriculture, principles and species. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  17. Dufour, L. & Guerin, V. (2005). Nutrient solution effects on the development and yield of Anthurium andreanum Lind. in tropical soilless conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 105, 269-282.
  18. Emami, A. (1996). Plant analysis methods. Publication of Soil and Water Research Institute. Technical publication (pp.982-985). (in Farsi)
  19. Fageria, V. D. (2001). Nutrient interactions in crop plants. Journal of Pant Nutrition,24, 1269-1290.
  20. Ganesh, S. & Kannan, M. (2013). Essentiality of micronutrients in flower crops: A review. Research & Reviews Journal of Agriculture and Apllied Sciences, 2, 52-57.
  21. Gul, F. & Tahir, I. (2013). An effective protocol for improving vaselife and postharvest performance of cut Narcissus tazetta flowers. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 12, 39-46.
  22. Heath, L. R. & Packer, L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts, Kinetics and stoichimotery of fatty acid perpxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125, 189-198.
  23. Kang, J. G., Ferrarezi, R. S., Dove, S. K., Weaver, G. M. &. Van Iersel, M. W. (2016). Increased fertilizer levels do not prevent abscisic acid–induced chlorosis in Pansy. Journal of Horticulture Technology,26(5), 647-650.
  24. Kashif, M., Rizwan, K., Aslam Khan, M. & Younis, A. (2014). Efficacy of macro and micro-nutrients as foliar application on growth and yield of Dahlia hybrida L. (Fresco). International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, 5, 6-10.
  25. Khosa, S. S., Younis, A., Rayit, A., Yasmeen, S. & Riaz, A. (2011). Effect of foliar application of macro and micro nutrients on growth and flowering of Gerbera jamesonii L. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 11,736-757.
  26. Lay-Yee, M., Stead, A. D. & Reid, M. S. (1992). Flower senescence in daylily (Hemerocallis). Journal of Physiologia Plantarum, 86, 308-314.
  27. Lee, W. H., Kim, J. H., Lee, A. K., Suh, J. K. & Yang, Y. J. (2005). Effects of nutrient solution management and methods of storage and distribution on flowering and quality of cut Iris, Tulip and Lily. Acta Horticulture, 673, 513-518.
  28. Marin, M., Valdez, L. A., Maria, A., Gonzalez, C., Pineda, J. P. & Galvan Luna, J. J. (2014). Modeling growth and ion concentration of Lilium in response to nitrogen, potassium, calcium mixture solution. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 34, 12-26.
  29. McKenzie, K. (1989). Potted lilies made easy: The new, naturally short Asiatic lily varieties. GrowerTalks, 52, 48-58.
  30. Mengel, K. & Kirkby, E. A. (2001). Principles of Plant Nutrition, 5th ed. Dordrecht, the Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  31. Mpusia, P. T. O. (2006). Comparison of water consumption between greenhouse and outdoor cultivation. M.Sc. Thesis. International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation, Enschede, Netherlands. 75p.
  32. Nahed, G., El-Aziz, A. & Balbaa, L. K. (2007). Influence of tyrosine and zinc on growth, flowering and chemical constituents of Salvia farinacea plants. Journal of Applied Science and Research, 3, 1479-1485.
  33. Ortega-Blu, R., Correa-Benguria, M. & Olate-Mu˜noz, E. (2006). Determination of nutrient accumulation curves in three cultivars of Lilium spp. for cut flower. Agrociencia,40, 77-88.
  34. Putra, P. A. & Yuliando, H. (2015). Soilless culture system to support water use efficiency and product quality. A Review, Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 3, 283-288.
  35. Rani, R. & Singh, N. (2014). Senescence and postharvest studies of cut flowers: A Critical Review Pertanika Journal Tropical Agricultural Science, 37 (2), 159- 201.
  36. Rogers, H. J. (2013). From models to ornamentals. How is flower senescence regulated?. Plant Molecules Biology, 82, 563-574.
  37. Savvas, D., Gianquinto, G., Tuzel, Y. & Gruda, N. (2013). Soilless Culture. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 217: Good Agricultural Practices for Greenhouse Vegetable Crops.
  38. Schmitzer, V., Veberic, R., Osterc, G. & Stampar, F. (2010). Color and phenolic content changes during flower development in groundcover rose. American Society Horticultural Science, 135, 195-202.
  39. Shaoyun, L., Su, W., Li, H. & Guo, H. (2009). Abscisic acid improves drought tolerance of triploid Bermuda grass and involves H2O2- and NO- induced antioxidant enzyme activities. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 47, 132-138.
  40. Skutnik, E. & Rabiza-ŚWidthr, J. (2007). Effect of plant growth regulators and preservative solutions on senescence of detached hosta leaves. Horticulture Landscape Architect, 28, 95-103.
  41. Sood, S. H., Vyas, D. & Nagar, P. K. (2006). Physiological and biochemical studies during flower development in two rose species. Scientia Horticulture, 108, 390-396.
  42. Suh, J. K., Wu, X. W., Lee, A. K. & Roh, M. S. (2013) Growth and flowering physiology, and developing new technologies to increase the flower numbers in the Genus Lilium. Journal of Horticulture Environment Biotechnology, 54(5), 373-387.
  43. Treder, J. (2003). Effects of supplementary lighting on flowering, plant quality and nutrient requirements of lily ‘Laura Lee’ during winter forcing. Scientia Horticulture, 98, 37-47.
  44. Treder, T. (2005). Growth and quality of oriental Lilies at different fertilization levels. Acta Horticulture, 673, 297-302.
  45. Van Doorn, W. G., Balk, P. A., Van Houwelingen, A. M., Hoeberichts, F. A., Hall, R. D., Vorst, O., Van der Schoot, C. & VanWordragen, M. F. (2003). Gene expression during anthesis and senescence in Irisflowers. Plant Molecular Biology, 53, 845.863.
  46. Volaire, F., Thomas, H. & Lelievre, F. (1998). Survival and recover of perennial forage grasses under prolong mediterranean drought. Journal of New Pathologist, 140, 439-449.
  47. Wroslstad, R. E. (1976). Color and pigment analysis in fruit products. Agricultural ExperimentStation. Oregan State, University. 621.
  48. Younis, A., Anjum, S., Riaz, A., Hameed, M., Tariqm U. & Ahsan, M. (2014). Production of quality Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis cv. Redskin) flowers by efficient nutrients management running title: Plant nutrition impacts on dahlia quality. American-Eurasian Journal Agriculture and Environment Science, 14 (2), 137-142.
علوم باغبانی ایران

دوره 50، شماره 1
بهار 1398
صفحه 47-60

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 اسفند 1396

اشتراک گذاری

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار