بررسی اثر تنش خشکی، سوپرجاذب و کود دامی بر صفات زراعی و شیمیایی در بابونه آلمانی Matricaria chamomilla L.))

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثرات کاربرد پلیمر سوپرجاذب و کود دامی بر عملکرد گل، جذب عناصر سدیم و پتاسیم و نیز مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کل تحت شرایط تنش خشکی در بابونه آلمانی، آزمایشی به­صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار به­صورت گلدانی در سال 1395 اجرا گردید. تیمار تنش خشکی در سه سطح (95، 65 و 45 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) به­عنوان فاکتور اصلی و کود دامی در دو سطح عدم مصرف و مصرف کود دامی و سوپرجاذب در سه سطح (0، 1/0 و 2/0 درصد وزنی خاک) به­عنوان فاکتورهای فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تیمار 45 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه در مقایسه با تیمار 95 درصد، تعداد گل در بوته و عملکرد گل خشک را به­ترتیب 65/27 و 9/36 درصد کاهش داد. همچنین با افزایش تنش خشکی، از میزان پتاسیم برگ و گل کاسته شده و بر میزان سدیم برگ و گل افزوده شد. بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کل به­ترتیب در تیمار 95 و 45 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه مشاهده شد. استفاده از کود دامی در مقایسه با عدم مصرف، موجب افزایش 13 و 10 درصدی تعداد گل در بوته و عملکرد گل خشک شد. همچنین سطح 2/0 درصد وزنی سوپرجاذب در مقایسه با عدم مصرف، موجب افزایش 6 و 4 درصدی تعداد گل در بوته و عملکرد گل خشک گردید. به­طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود دامی و سوپرجاذب سبب کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی و بهبود شاخص­های رشدی گیاه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment effects of drought stress, superabsorbent and manure on agronomic and chemical traits in German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Shahbazi Nejad 1
  • Mohammad Feizian 2
  • Bahman Zahedi 2
  • Yahya Parvizi 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Research Center of Soil Conservation and Watershed, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effects of superabsorbent polymer and manure on dryflower yield, absorption of sodium and potassium, as well as chlorophyll a, b and total under drought stress conditions in German chamomile, split-factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted in 2016. Drought stress treatment in three levels of 95, 65 and 45% of field capacity as the main factor and manure in two levels of use and non-use and superabsorbent at three levels of 0, 0.1 and 0.2 percent of soil weight were considered as sub plots. Results showed that in treatment of 45% compared to the 95%, the number of flowers per plant and dry flower yield decreased by 27.65 and 36.9 percentages. Also, with increasing drought stress the amount of leaf and flowers potassium decreased, but leaf and flowers sodium were increased. Maximum and minimum amounts of chlorophyll a, b and total, were observed in 95 and 45% field capacity, respectively. The use of manure compared with the non-application increased increases the number of flowers per plant and dry flower yield by 13 and 10 percentage. The level of 0.2% weight superabsorbent compared with non-use increased number of flowers per plant and dry flower yield by 6% and 4%, respectively. In total, results showed that application of manure and superabsorbent reduced effects of drought stress and improved growth traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • Drought
  • dry flower
  • german chamomile

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 بهمن 1396

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