اثر همزیستی قارچ میکوریز بر برخی از ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی نارنج سه برگچه‌ای (Poncirus trifoliate L.) تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

تأثیر همزیستی 3 گونه­ قارچ­ میکوریزا آربوسکولار (AMF) از جنس Glomus، در دو ترکیب دوتایی و سه­تایی بر ویژگی­های رشد، غلظت کلروفیل، تبادلات گازی، فلورسانس کلروفیل و فعالیت چند آنزیم­ آنتی­اکسیدان در نارنج سه­برگچه­ای (Poncirus trifoliate L.)، تحت تنش شوری مطالعه شد. دانهال­های 40 روزه نارنج سه­برگچه­ای، به گلدان­های حاوی G. intraradices×G. mosseae و G. hoi×G. intraradices×G. mosseae و بدون قارچ همزیست (شاهد) منتقل شدند. بعد از 175روز، دانهال­ها به­مدت 45 روز در معرض غلظت­های صفر (شاهد)، 35 و 70 میلی­مولار کلریدسدیم قرار گرفتند. در دانهال­های کلونیزه­شده تحت تنش شوری در مقایسه با دانهال­های کلونیزه­نشده تحت تنش شوری، به­ویژه با ترکیب سه­تایی، میزان کلونیزاسیون، وزن خشک شاخه و ریشه، تعداد برگ، ارتفاع، تعرق و راندمان فتوشیمیایی (حداکثر بازده کوانتومی در وضعیت سازگاری به تاریکی "Fv/Fm") ارتقاء یافت. تلقیح دانهال­ها با میکوریزا، در شرایط شوری، خصوصاً استفاده از ترکیب سه قارچ، منجر به افزایش در فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدان (کاتالاز و آسکوربات­پراکسیداز) در مقایسه با شاهد گردید. به­طور کلی، AMF توانست دانهال­ها را در برابر شوری، از طریق افزایش رشد و کاهش آسیب اکسیداتیو، کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliate L.) under salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmood Esna-Ashari 1
  • Marzieh Hadian Deljou 2
  • Asghar Mirzaie Asl 3
1 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Former Ph. D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Symbiosis effect of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species from the Glomus genus with two and three mixtures were studied on growth characteristics, chlorophyll concentration, gas exchange, chlorophyll florescence and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliate L.) under salinity stress. 40 days old trifoliate orange seedlings were transferred into the pots containing G. intraradices×G. mosseae, G. hoi×G. intraradices×G. mosseae and no fungi (control). After 175 days, seedlings were exposed to 0 (control), 35 and 70 mM sodium chloride for 45 days. Mycorrizal colonization, shoot and root dry weight, leaf number, plant height, transpiration rate and photochemical efficiency (maximum quantum yield through the dark adaptation “Fv/Fm”) were increased in colonized seedlings under salinity stress specially when the three mixture of fungi were used compared with the non-AMF seedlings under salinity stress. Seedling colonization particularly with three fungi mixture caused increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) compared with the control. Overall, AMF colonization could help trifoliate orange seedlings against salt stress through increasing growth and oxidative damage reduction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant Enzymes
  • Colonization
  • photosynthesis
  • photochemical efficiency

مراجع

  1. Abdel Latef, A. A. (2010). Changes of antioxidative enzymes in salinity tolerance among different wheat cultivars. Cereal Research Communications, 38, 43-55.
  2. Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology, 105, 121-126.
  3. Augé, R. M. (2001). Water relations, drought and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Mycorrhiza, 11, 3-42.
  4. Beauchamp, C. & Fridovich, I. (1971). Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry, 44, 276-287.
  5. Calatayud, A. & Barreno, E. (2004). Response to ozone in two lettuce varieties on chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments and lipid peroxidation. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 42, 549-555.
  6. Chance, B. & Maehly, A. C. (1995). Assay of catalases and peroxidases. In: Colowick S.P., Kaplan N.O. (ed.): Methods in Enzymology. pp. 764-775. Academic Press, New York.
  7. Evelin, H., Kapoor, R. & Giri, B. (2009). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviation of salt stress: a review. Annals of Botany, 104, 1263-1280.
  8. Garcia-Sanchez, F. & Syvertsen, J. P. (2006). Salinity tolerance of Cleopatra mandarin and Carrizo citrange citrus rootstocks seedlings is affected by CO2 enrichment during growth. Journal of American Societyfor Horticultural Science, 131, 24-31.
  9. Genty, B., Briantais, J. M. & Baker, N. R. (1989). The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 990, 87-92.
  10. Giri, B. & Mukerji, K. G. (2004). Mycorrhizal inoculant alleviates salt stress in Sesbania aegyptiaca and Sesbania grandiflora under field conditions: evidence for reduced sodium and improved magnesium uptake. Mycorrhiza, 14, 307-12.
  11. Hartmond, U., Schaesberg, I. N. V., Graham, J. H. & Syvertsen, J. P. (1987). Salinity and flooding stress effects on mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal citrus rootstock seedlings. Plant and Soil, 104, 37-43.
  12. He, Z. Q., He, C. X., Zhang, Z. B., Zou, Z. R. & Wang, H. S. (2007). Chang­es of antioxidative enzymes and cell membrane osmosis in tomato colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizae under NaCl stress. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 59, 128-133.
  13. Hoagland, D. R. & Arnon, D. I. (1950). The water culture method for growing plants without soil. Circular California Agricultural Experiment Station Berkeley USA, 347.
  14. Mathur, N. & Vyas, A. (1995). Influence of VA mycorrhizae on net photosynthesis and transpiration of Ziziphus mauritiana. Journal of Plant Physiology, 147(3), 328-330.
  15. Melgar, J. C., Syvertsen, J. P., Martinez, V. & Garcia-sanchez, F. (2008). Leaf gas exchange, water relations, nutrient content and growth in citrus and olive seedlings under salinity. Biologia Plantarum, 52, 385-390.
  16. Munns, R., James, R. A. & Lauchli, A. (2006). Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57, 1025-1043.
  17. Murkute, A. A., Sharma, S. & Singh, S. K. (2006). Studies on salt stress tolerance of citrus rootstock genotypes with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Horticultural Science, 33, 70-6.
  18. Nakano, Y. & Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant & Cell Physiology, 22, 867-880.
  19. Navarro, J. M., Perez-Tornero, O. & Morte, A. (2014). Alleviation of salt stress in citrus seedlings inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi depends on the rootstock salt tolerance. Journal of Plant Physiology, 171, 76- 85.
  20. Ojala, J. C., Jarrell, W. M., Menge, J. A. & Johnson, E. L. V. (1983). Influence of mycorrhizal fungi on the mineral nutrition and yield of onion in saline soil. American Society of Agronomy, 75, 255-259.
  21. Phillips, J. M. & Hayman, D. S. (1970). Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 55, 158-61.
  22. Porcel, R. & Ruiz-Lozano, J. M. (2004). Arbuscular mycorrhizal influence on leaf water potential, solute accumulation, and oxidative stress in soybean plants subjected to drought stress. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55 (403), 1743-1750.
  23. Porra, R. J. (2002). The chequered history of the development and use of simultaneous equations for the accurate determination of chlorophyll a and b. Photosynthesis Research, 73, 149-156.
  24. Sheng, M., Tang, M., Chen, H., Yang, B., Zhang, F. & Huang, Y. (2008). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on photosynthesis and water status of maize plants under salt stress. Mycorrhiza, 18, 287-296.
  25. Storey, R. & Walker, R. R. (1999). Citrus and salinity. Scientia Horticulturae, 78, 39-81.
  26. Tozlu, I., Moore, G. A. & Guy, C. L. (2000). Effects of increasing NaCl concentration on stem elongation, dry mass production, and macro and micronutrient accumulation in Poncirus trifoliata. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27, 35-42.
  27. Tunc-Ozdemir, M., Miller, G., Song, L., Kim, J., Sodek, A., Kous­sevitzky, S., Misra, A. N., Mittler, R. & Shintani, D. (2009). Thiamin confers enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology, 151, 421-432.
  28. Wu, Q. S., Zou, Y. N. & He, X. H. (2010a). Contributions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to growth, photosynthesis, root morphology and ionic balance of citrus seedlings under salt stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 32, 297-304.
  29. Wu, Q. S., Zou, Y. N., Liu, W., Ye, X. F., Zai, H. F. & Zhao, L. J. (2010b). Alleviation of salt stress in citrus seedlings inoculated with mycorrhiza: changes in leaf antioxidant defense systems. Plant Soil and Environment, 56, 470-5.
علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 3
آذر 1397
صفحه 769-778

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 آبان 1396

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار