ارزیابی برخی از جنبه‌های رشدی، فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و کیفیت هندوانه رقم چارلستون‌گری پیوندی و غیر پیوندی تحت شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار علوم باغبانی، گروه علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

2 دانشجوی سابق دکتری علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

4 کارشناس آزمایشگاه، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

5 استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره) قزوین، ایران

چکیده

شوری، عامل بسیار مهمی در محدود­ نمودن تولید محصولات کشاورزی در بیشتر کشورهاست. امروزه با استفاده از تکنیک پیوند، توانسته­اند بر مشکل شوری آب و خاک در تولید سبزی­ها فائق آمده و محصولاتی با کیفیت بالاتر تولید کنند. در این تحقیق، گیاهان هندوانه رقم چارلستون‌گری روی پایه­های هیبرید کدوی شینتوزا، کدوی مسمایی، کدوی قلیانی، هندوانه ابوجهل، هندوانه توده محلی کرمانشاه و توده محلی همدان به ­روش حفره­ای پیوند شده و در گلخانه و مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان، در سال 1395 پرورش داده شدند. گیاهان پیوندی و غیر پیوندی (شاهد) از نظر برخی صفات رویشی و بیوشیمیایی تحت سطوح شوری 0، 30 و 60 میلی­مولار کلرید­ سدیم با هم مقایسه شدند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که بین هر سه سطح تیمار شوری، از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معنی­داری در سطح احتمال 5 درصد از لحاظ مقادیر کاروتنویید برگ وجود داشت. در این پژوهش برخی از صفات رویشی همچون طول شاخه اصلی (220 سانتی­متر، وزن تر ساقه (420 گرم) و وزن تر ریشه (30 گرم) در گیاهان پیوندی با پایه شینتوزا در هر سه تیمار شوری بیشتر از گیاهان غیر­پیوندی که به ­ترتیب 102 سانتی­متر، 225 گرم و 10 گرم بود. همچنین بیشترین (28467 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کمترین (10496 کیلوگرم در هکتار) عملکرد کل میوه به ترتیب مربوط به هندوانه پیوندی روی پایه شینتوزا و گیاهان شاهد بود. همچنین پایه های شینتوزا، کدوی قلیانی، هندوانه همدان و کرمانشاه از لحاظ عملکرد کل در یک گروه آماری قرار داشتند.  بنابراین پایه شینتوزا به ­عنوان پایه مناسبی جهت پیوند هندوانه رقم چارلستون­گری تحت شرایط تنش شوری مشخص شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation some aspects of growth, physiological, yield and quality of watermelon Charleston Gray cultivar grafted and un-grafted under salt stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Dariush Ramezan 1
  • Fatemeh Moradipour 2
  • Bahman Zahedi 3
  • Kobra Sepahvand 4
  • Mohamad Mahdi Zarabi 5
1 Assistant Professor of Horticulture Science, Department of Horticulture and landscaping, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran
2 Fromer Ph. D. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
4 Laboratory Expert of Horticulture Science, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
5 Assistant Professor of Horticultural Sciences Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

Salinity is an important factor in limiting production in many countries. Today with using grafting methodinvegetable production could overcome problem of soil and irrigation water salinity resulted in production of high quality crops. In this study, water melon (cv. Charleston Gray) was grafted onto rootstocks including; Shintozwa, Buttle gourd, pepo, Bitter cucumber, Indigenous masses of Kermanshah and Hamedan watermelon with using hole insertion grafting method and grown under greenhouse and farm conditions in Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University in 2016. Grafted and un-grafted (control) plants were studied for some vegetative and biochemical traits after exposing to 0, 30 and 60 mM Na Cl. Results showed that there was a significant difference between the three levels of salinity treatment at the 5% probability level for leaf carotenoids. In this research, some of the vegetative traits such as length of main branch (220 cm), fresh weight of shoot (420 g) and root fresh weight (30 g) in plants that grafted onto Shintozwa rootstock in all three saline treatments were higher than non-grafted plant that were  102 cm, 225 and 10 g respectively. The highest (28467 kg ha-1) and lowest (10496 kg ha-1) total yield of fruit were related to the watermelon grafted onto Shintozwa rootstock and control plants respectively. Also, Shintozwa, Buttle gourd, Kermanshah and Hamedan watermelon rootstocks were a statistical group in terms of total yield. Thus, Shintozwa rootstock could be a suitable rootstock for water melon Charleston Gray cultivar under saline conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydroponic system
  • saline
  • scion
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