1دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
2استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
3دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
4استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
تاریخ دریافت: 30 دی 1395،
تاریخ بازنگری: 25 اسفند 1395،
تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اردیبهشت 1396
چکیده
کاربرد فراوان نهادههای شیمیایی، در مزارع تولید سبزی و صیفی و عرضه سریع این محصولات به بازار (بدون درنظر گرفتن مدتزمان لازم، برای کاهش غلظت یا تجزیه موادشیمیایی)، ضرورت مدیریت تغذیه مناسب را در سیستم کشت این محصولات، بیش از پیش آشکار میکند. این مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی اثر مدیریت تغذیه، بر میزان تجمع نیترات و سایر پارامترهای کیفی گیاه کرفس انجام گرفت. تیمارهای مورد مطالعه شامل تغذیه نیتروژنمعدنی (اوره با مقادیر 300، 423، 700 و نیتراتآمونیوم با مقدار 560 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، و آلی (ورمیکمپوست 20 کیلوگرم در 8/7 متر مربع و کمپوست 10 کیلوگرم در 8/7 متر مربع در ترکیب با مایه تلقیح قارچ زیستی تریکودرما) و شاهد بود. بعد از برداشت محصول، عملکرد گیاه در واحد سطح، تعداد ساقه، ارتفاع گیاه، میزان مواد معدنی (سدیم، پتاسیم و فسفر) و میزان نیترات اندازهگیری شد و پس از نگهداری کرفس تازه برشیافته در سردخانه با دمای 1± درجه سانتیگراد به‌مدت 4 هفته، درصد کاهش وزن، مقدار ویتامینث، میزان مواد جامدمحلول کل و مقدار اسید قابلتیتراسیون کل، هر هفته مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که در تیمارهای آلی، میزان مواد معدنی، ویتامینث، مواد جامدمحلول کل بیشتر بوده، اما میزان عملکرد، تعداد ساقه در گیاه، نیترات و کاهش وزن کمتری در مقایسه با تیمارهای معدنی داشتند. با اینکه کاربرد تیمارهای آلی، موجب کاهش ارزش اقتصادی محصول میشوند؛ اما میتوانند باعث ایجاد مزه بهتر، ایمنی و پذیرش محصول توسط مصرفکننده شوند.
The effect of nutrition management (inorganic and organic) on nitrate content, storability and postharvest quality of fresh-cut celery (Apium graveolens L.)
1Former Ph.D. Student, of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3Associate Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]
Todays, most of vegetables are produced conventionally worldwide. Abundant use of chemical inputs in the production of vegetables and quick supply of these products to market (regardless of required time to reduce or decompose of chemical substances) reveals the necessity of proper nutrition management in cropping system more than ever before. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of nutrition management on the accumulation of nitrate and other quality parameters in celery. Treatments were included of mineral (urea with amounts of 300, 423, 700 and ammonium nitrate with amount of 560 Kg/ha) and organic (vermicompost 20 Kg/7.8m2 and compost 10 Kg/7.8m2 in combination with inoculum of biological fungus Trichoderma). After harvest, crop yield per unit area, number of stalks in a bunch of celery, plant height, minerals (sodium, potassium and phosphorus) and nitrate concentration was measured and after maintenance of fresh-cut celery in cold storage at ±1 °C for 4 weeks, some of quality parameters (weight loss, vitamin C, total soluble solids and total titratable acidity) were evaluated every week. Results showed that in organic treatments content of minerals, vitamin C, total soluble solids were more, but the yield, number of stalks in a bunch of celery, nitrate and weight loss were less than mineral treatments. Although organic treatments reduce the economic value of the product, but could lead to better tasting, safety and acceptance of the product by the consumers.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Mineral nitrogen nutrition, organic production, Storage, quality parameters
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