واکنش رشد، عملکرد و برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی هندوانۀ رقم چارلستون‌گری پیوندشده رو پایۀ هندوانۀ ابوجهل به تنش کم‌آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش کم­آبیاری بر رشد، عملکرد و شاخص­های فیزیولوژیکی هندوانۀ رقم چارلستون­گری پیوندی، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت­های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در دانشگاه زنجان انجام شد. تیمار­های آبیاری در سه سطح 100، 70 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه و تیمار پیوند شامل گیاهان پیوندی روی پایۀ هندوانۀ ابوجهل و گیاهان غیر پیوندی بود. نتایج نشان داد، تنش کم­آبیاری به­طور معنی­داری رشد، عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب را کاهش و درصد نشت یونی و محتوای پرولین را افزایش داد. بیشترین میزان عملکرد میوه و کارایی مصرف آب در گیاهان غیر پیوندی و پیوندی در شرایط آبیاری 100 درصد به­دست آمد. بیشترین مواد جامد محلول میوه در گیاهان پیوندی تحت آبیاری 50 درصد ثبت شد. بیشترین سطح برگ، طول بوته، سفتی گوشت میوه، محتوای نسبی آب برگ در گیاهان غیر پیوندی با آبیاری 100 درصد به دست آمد. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در گیاهان پیوندی تحت کم­آبیاری 50 درصد مشاهده شد. پایۀ هندوانۀ ابوجهل در شرایط آبیاری 100 و 70 درصد باعث کاهش غلظت کلسیم و افزایش میوه­های پوسیدگی گلگاه داشت، ولی با اعمال تنش کم­آبیاری بیشتر، غلظت کلسیم در گیاهان غیر پیوندی کاهش و عارضۀ پوسیدگی گلگاه افزایش یافت. با توجه به نتایج، پیوند روی پایۀ هندوانۀ ابوجهل اثر مثبتی نداشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Growth, yield and physiological responses of watermelon cv. Charleston Gray grafted on bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis L.) rootstock under deficit irrigation stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jasem Parkhideh 1
  • Taher Barzegar 2
  • Fatemeh Nekonam 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Former Ph. D. Student, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of deficit irrigation stress on growth, yield and physiological traits of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus cv. Charleston Gray), an experiment was carried out in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in university of Zanjan. Treatments consisted of three irrigation levels (100%, 70% and 50% Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc)) and grafting (plants grafted on bitter apple and ungrafted plants). Results showed that deficit irrigation stress significantly decreasedgrowth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) and increased electrolyte leakage and proline content. The highest value of fruit yield and WUE were obtained in ungrafted and grafted plants under irrigation 100% ETc. The maximum soluble solid content was recorded at grafted plant under deficit irrigation 50% ETc. The highest leaf area, plant length, fruit firmness and RWC were obtained in ungrafted plants under irrigation 100% ETc. The maximum POX activity was observed in grafted plants under deficit irrigation 50% ETc. Bitter apple rootstock decreased calcium concentration under irrigation 100% and 70% ETc and increased blossom end rot (BER), but by increasing deficit irrigation stress, calcium concentration in ungrafted plants was decreased and BER was increased. According to the results, grafting on bitter apple rootstock had no positive effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blossom end rot
  • fruit weight
  • total soluble solids
  • Water use efficiency

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 2
شهریور 1397
صفحه 539-550

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1396

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