ارزیابی قابلیت انبارمانی چند جمعیت و رقم از پیاز روز کوتاه در انبار کنترل‌نشده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیۀ نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

 این پژوهش به مدت دو سال زراعی (93-1392) به‌منظور مقایسۀ خاصیت انبارمانی نژادگان (ژنوتیپ­)های پیاز روز کوتاه در انبار کنترل نشده، در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان اجرا شد. بذرهای پیاز در اوایل مهرماه در خزانه کشت و نشاءها در مرحلۀ دو تا سه برگی به زمین اصلی منتقل شدند. برای مقایسۀ قابلیت انبارمانی نژادگان­ها از آزمایش کرت‌هایخردشده (اسپلیت پلات) در زمان در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار استفاده شد. عامل اصلی شامل هشت جمعیت و رقم (جمعیت بهبودیافتۀ پیاز بهبهان، تودۀ محلی بهبهان، تودۀ محلی پادوک، تودۀ محلی رامهرمز، تودۀ محلی برازجان، تودۀ محلی ایرانشهر و رقم‌های تجاری تگزاس­ارلی­گرانو و پریماورا) و عامل فرعی زمان انبارمانی در شش سطح (1، 2، 3، 4، 5 و 6 ماه) در انبار بود. درصد ماهیانۀ کاهش وزن سوخ  با گذشت زمان کمتر شد. بیشترین کاهش وزن سوخ (26/20%) به جمعیت بهبودیافتۀ پیاز بهبهان اختصاص داشت. آسیب و زیان بیماری پوسیدگی خاکستری تا ماه سوم انبارمانی افزایش و پس از آن کاهش یافت. بیشترین آسیب و زیان این بیماری (47/39%)  به تودۀ محلی رامهرمز مربوط بود. بیشترین آسیب و زیان لهیدگی (65/29%) در رقم پریماورا مشاهده شد و قابلیت انبارمانی این رقم به‌طور معنی­داری از دیگر نژادگان­ها کمتر بود. جوانه­زنی سوخ­ها از ماه سوم انبارمانی آغاز شد. بیشترین جوانه­زنی سوخ (57/31%) به تودۀ محلی ایرانشهر تعلق داشت. نتایج این آزمایش مشخص کرد که با توجه به ضایعات کل قابلیت انبارمانی جمعیت بهبودیافتۀ پیاز بهبهان و رقم تگزاس­ارلی­گرانو بر دیگر نژادگان­ها برتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Storability evaluation of short day onion populations and cultivars in non-controlled storage

نویسنده [English]

  • Abdol-Sattar Darabi
Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Research Improvement Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center , AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to compare the storability of short day onion populations and cultivarsin non-controlled storage, this research was conducted at Behbahan Agriculture Research Station from 2013 to 2014 for two years.  Seeds were sown in nursery in late September. Seedlings were transplanted at 2-3 leaf stages. Evaluation of bulb storability was performed by using split plot experiment based on RCBD with four replications. Main plot consisted of eight populations  and cultivars (Behbahan, Padook, Ramhormoz, Iranshahr and Brazjan landraces, Primavera and Texas Early Grano cultivars and improved population of  Behbahan  onion) and six storage times (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months) considered as sub plots. The monthly bulb loss weight percentage decreased with passing time. Improved population of Behbahan onion had the most sever weigh losses (20.26%). Damage of black mold increased until the third month of storage and then decreased. Ramhormoz landrace was the most sensitive genotype damaging from black mold (39.47%). The highest percentage of bulb rotting (29.65%) was recorded for Primavera cultivar and storability of this cultivar was significantly lower than other genotypes. Bulb sprouting was observed from the third month of storage. Iranshahr landrace had the highest bulb sprouting (31.57%). Results showed that according to storability, improved population of Behbahan onion and Texas Early Grano were better than other genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Black mold
  • bulb rotting
  • losses
  • physiological bulb weight loss
  • sprouting

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 بهمن 1395

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