بررسی پاسخ به تنش کم‌آبی بوم‌جور‌های دم‌شیر بر پایۀ شاخص‌های تحمل تنش، عملکرد مادۀ خشک و اسانس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی عملکرد بوم‌جور (اکوتیپ)­های گیاه دارویی دم­شیر با نام علمی Leonurus cardiac L. در شرایط تنش کم­آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت طرح کرت­های خردشده در قالب بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. سه سطح آبیاری شامل یک‌سوم، دوسوم و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار بوم‌جور گیاه دارویی دم­شیر شامل بوم‌جور‌های کرمان، طالقان، سراب و خوانسار به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. در این بررسی تأثیر تنش کم­آبی بر عملکرد مادۀ خشک، درصد و عملکرد اسانس بررسی و ارزیابی شاخص­های تنش شامل حساسیت به تنش (SSI)، تحمل (TOL)، بهره­وری متوسط (MP)، تحمل تنش (STI)، میانگین هندسی بهره­وری (GMP) و میانگین هارمونیک (HM) بر پایۀ عملکرد پیکرۀ رویشی خشک در شرایط مختلف تنش محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد، تنش کم­آبی تأثیر معنی­داری روی عملکرد مادۀ خشک و درصد و عملکرد اسانس داشت. ­همچنین شاخص­های GMP، HM و MP شاخص­های مناسب­تری در شناسایی بوم‌جور­های متحمل به خشکی در گیاه دارویی دم­شیر بودند. بر پایۀ شاخص‌های تحمل تنش، بوم‌جور خوانسار به‌عنوان بوم‌جور متحمل به خشکی نسبت به دیگر بوم‌جور­ها در شرایط تنش ملایم و شدید شناسایی شد که بیشترین میزان مادۀ خشک و درصد و عملکرد اسانس نیز بود. بوم‌جور سراب در میان بوم‌جور­های مورد بررسی، با داشتن میزان مادۀ خشک و عملکرد اسانس پائین با وجود درصد اسانس بالا، به‌عنوان بوم‌جور حساس شناخته شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on response to water deficit stress in Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca) ecotypes using stress tolerance indices, dry matter and essential oil content

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Borna 1
  • Vahideh Nazeri 2
  • Majid Shokrpour 3
  • Fatemeh Ghaziani 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the yield of the Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca) ecotypes in water deficit stress, an experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design under a split plots arrangement, with three replications. Three irrigation levels were considered based on field capacity (FC) (as control), one third and two third of FC as main plots. Sub plots were formed by the four ecotypes of Leonurus cardiaca. In this study, the effects of water deficit stress on dry matter, essential oil percentage and yeild were measured. In addition, stress tolerance index including Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Tolerance (TOL), Mean Productivity (MP), Stress Tolerance (STI), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) , Harmonic Mean (HM) were calculated in terms of dry yield in different water stress conditions. Results indicated that water deficit stress had a significant effect on dry matter, essential oil percentage and yeild. Results also showed that the GMP, HM, MP indices were more appropriate indices for identification of drought resistant plants of Motherwort. According to stress indices, the ecotype of Khansar was the most drought tolerant ecotype in comparison to other ecotypes in the mild and severe water stress environments and contained high dry matter yield and essential oil percentage and yeild. Sarab was the most susceptible ecotype among the studied ecotypes with low dry matter and essential oil yeild despite high essential oil percentage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • drought tolerance
  • Field capacity
  • Leonurus cardiaca
  • stress indices

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 تیر 1395

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