واکنش کمی و کیفی گل‌محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill.) به کاربرد عنصرهای غذایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای پرمصرف (ماکرو) و کم‌مصرف (میکرو) بر کمیت و کیفیت گل‌محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill.) در ایستگاه تحقیقات البرز، در سال‌های 1392-1388 در شرایط مزرعه، این تحقیق اجرا شد. این آزمایش با استفاده از طرح کرت‌های خردشده (اسپلیت پلات) در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شامل کودهای شیمایی، دامی (M) و تلفیقی (کود پرمصرف) در چهارده سطح و عامل فرعی کاربرد در خاک کود کلات آهن خضراء (کود کم‌مصرف) در سه سطح 0، 8 و 12 گرم بر بوته بودند. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس نشان داد، بین سال‌های آزمایش، کودهای پرمصرف و همچنین کود کم‌مصرف، اثر متقابل سال در کود پرمصرف، سال در کود کم‌مصرف، کود پرمصرف در کم‌مصرف و اثر سه‌گانۀ سال*کود پرمصرف* کود کم‌مصرف بر صفات شمار گل در بوته، عملکرد گل تر، درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس در سطح 1 درصد معنی‌دار بود. مقایسۀ میانگین‌ها نشان داد، عملکرد گلبرگ تر با میانگین ‌98/7338 کیلوگرم در هکتار در سال دوم با کاربرد 12 گرم در بوته کود میکرو به همراه کاربرد N80P80K40M0 بیشترین بود. بیشترین درصد و عملکرد اسانس در سال دوم، با کاربرد 12 گرم بر بوته کود میکرو و کاربرد N40P40K40M0 به ترتیب با میانگین‌های 12/0 درصد و 7019 گرم در هکتار وجود داشت. نتایج بررسی دو سال نشان داد، کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی 40 تا 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار از نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم در زمان و کاربرد سالیانه 12 گرم بر بوته از کود کم‌مصرف آهن و روی می‏تواند در بهبود کمیت و کیفیت گل‌محمدی بسیار مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Qualitative and quantitative response of Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) to nutrient consumption

نویسنده [English]

  • Bohloul Abbaszadeh
Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate macro- and micronutrients effects on flower quantity and quality of Damask rose (Rosa damasena Mill.), a research was conducted at Alborz Research Station in 2008-2012. It was performed using split plot with 3 replications based on randomized complete block design. Main factor included chemical fertilizers; manure (M), combined fertilizer at 14 levels and sub factor was soil use of micronutrient (0, 8 & 12g Fe chelate). Variance analysis indicated significant effects (P<0.01) of years, main factor (macro-nutrients), and micro-nutrients, year* macro-nutrients, year* micro-nutrients, macro-nutrients* micro-nutrients and year* macro-nutrients* micro-nutrients on number of flower per plant, yield of fresh flower, essential oil percentage, and essential oil yield. Means comparision showed maximum petal yield (7338.9 kg/ha) in second year with application of 12 g micronutrients and N80P80K40M0. The essential oil yield (7019g/ha) and percentage (0.12%) were maximum in secend year with 12 g micronutrients and N40P40K40M0. Results for two years showed that application of 40-80kg/ha NPK fertilizers at planting time and annually consumption of 12 g/plant  iron and zinc fertilizer, can improve the quantity and quality of Damask rose.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil
  • Nutrition
  • Rosa damascenea Mill

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 دی 1395

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