بررسی تأثیر شرایط اقلیمی بر صفات فیزیکوشیمیایی میوۀ انار رقم‌های ملس ساوه و ملس یوسف‌خانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 پژوهشگر بخش نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش صفات فیزیکوشیمیایی میوۀ رقم‌های ملس ساوه و ملس یوسف‌خانی پرورش‌یافته در مناطق ساری، علی‌آباد و ساوه در سال زراعی 93-92 بررسی شد. این آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایۀ طرح کاملا تصادفی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، رقم و منطقۀ رشد تأثیر معنی‌داری بر میزان فلاونوئید کل و فعالیت پاداکسندگی (آنتی‌اکسیدانی) آب‌میوه نداشتند، امّا چگالی و طول میوه، نسبت طول به قطر میوه، اسیدیته (pH) و هدایت الکتریکی آب‌میوه، مواد جامد محلول، شمار و درصد وزنی آریل، قطر و نسبت طول به قطر آریل، قطر و درصد وزنی بذر تحت‌ تأثیر اثر متقابل قرار گرفتند. در رقم ملس یوسف‌خانی بذر کشیده‌تر و آنتوسیانین آب‌میوه بیشتر بود امّا درصد آب‌میوه، وزن صد آریل، وزن آب صد آریل و طول آریل کمتری نسبت به رقم ملس ساوه داشت. در بین مناطق، ساری و علی‌آباد با شرایط آب‌و‌هوایی مرطوب‌تر میوه‌هایی با بیشترین درصد آب‌میوه، آنتوسیانین و ویتامین ث را داشتند. منطقۀ ساوه نیز با شرایط آب‌و‌هوایی نیمه‌خشک و کویری میوه‌هایی با بیشترین وزن و حجم و کمترین نسبت طول به قطر بذر و درصد رطوبت بذر را تولید کرد. افزون بر این، بیشترین وزن صد آریل، وزن صد بذر، طول آریل و بذر در میوه‌های پرورش‌یافته در منطقۀ ساری به‌دست آمد. منطقۀ علی‌آباد نیز میوه‌هایی با بیشترین میزان فنل کل را تولید کرد. به‌طورکلی، یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد، شرایط اقلیمی متفاوت می‌تواند بر کیفیت میوه، آریل و بذر انار تأثیر چشمگیری داشته باشد و انتخاب رقم‌ها باید با توجه به این اثرگذاری‌ها باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The study of climatic conditions effect on physicochemical properties of pomegranate fruits cultivars Malas-e-Saveh and Malas-e-Yousef-Khani

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Feyzi 1
  • Esmaeil Seifi 2
  • Feryal Varasteh 3
  • Khodayar Hemmati 2
  • Hosein Fereydooni 4
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assistane Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 Researcher in Seed and Plant Section, Research Centre of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present research, the physicochemical properties of cultivars Malas-e-Saveh and Malas-e-Yousef-Khani grown in different climatic conditions including Sari, Ali-Abad and Saveh were evaluated in 2014. This experiment was conducted based on factorial arrangement in completely randomized design. The results showed that cultivar and growth region did not have any significant effect on the content of total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity; however, these factors affected density and length of fruit, fruit length/diameter ratio, pH and EC of juice, total soluble solids (TSS), number and percent of arils, diameter and length/diameter ratio of arils and diameter and the percent of seed. Dispense Malas-e-Yousef-Khani cultivar had longer seed and higher anthocyanin content, but lower juice percentage, 100 aril weight, 100 aril water weight and aril length compared to Malas-e-Saveh cultivar. Among regions, Sari and Ali-Abad regions with more humid weather conditions had fruits with maximum juice percentage, anthocyanin and vitamin C. Saveh region with semi-arid conditions also produced fruits with maximum weight and volume and minimum length/diameter ratio of seed and seed moisture percentage. Furthermore, maximum amounts of 100 aril weight, 100 seed weight, aril and seed length were found in fruits grown in Sari region. Ali-Abad region produced fruits with maximum content of total polyphenol. Overall, the findings of this research showed that different climatic conditions showed some significant effects on the quality of fruit, aril and seed and cultivars must be selected regarding to this influences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • climatic conditions
  • growth region
  • total polyphenol
  • vitamin c

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 شهریور 1395

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