بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی نژادگان‌های به (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) استان اردبیل با استفاده از ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناختی، بیوشیمیایی و فیزیکوشیمیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی 27 نژادگان (ژنوتیپ)­ بومی و کشت‌شده درخت به (Cydoniaoblonga Mill.) در شهرستان‌‌های کوثر و خلخال استان اردبیل صورت گرفت. برای این منظور، 20 صفت ریخت‌شناختی ‌(مورفولوژیکی) برگ، میوه و گل و سیزده صفت بیوشیمیایی میوه در سال 1394 و در دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج بررسی صفات، شکل و ابعاد برگ و میوه نشان داد که از این صفات می­توان به‌عنوان معیار اساسی در جداسازی رقم‌های درخت "به" استفاده کرد. همچنین درزمینۀ صفات کیفی برگ، نژادگان­های مختلف از لحاظ شکل پهنک، حالت استقرار پهنک نسبت به شاخه و شکل قاعدۀ پهنک متفاوت بودند. در بررسی صفات مربوط به گل مشخص شد که گل­ها در سه رنگ سفید، صورتی و دورنگ دیده شد. درزمینۀ صفات مربوط به میوه، شکل آن (گرد، چهارگوش، تخم‌مرغی و گلابی‌شکل) نسبت به دیگر صفات تفاوت بارز و بیشتری را نشان داد. تجزیۀ خوشه­ای، کل نژادگان‌ها را در سه گروه طبقه‌بندی کرد. بر پایۀ شاخص­های اندازه­گیری‌شده، نژادگان­های Lm1، Lm5، Lm7، Lm9، Kv1، Kv3، Kv8، Kv4، Kv16 و Kv18 به دلیل میزان کم اسیدیتۀ قابل عیارسنجی (تیتراسیون) و قند متعادل و طعم بهتر، مناسب برای مصرف تازه‌خوری ارزیابی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of genetic diversity of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill) based on morphological, biochemical and physicochemical characterizations in Ardebil province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Azaddel 1
  • Alireza Ghanbari 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Iran
چکیده [English]

The genetic diversity of 27 native cultivated quince genotypes from Khalkhal and Kosar in the Ardabil province was evaluated according to 20 morphological leave, fruit, and flower's traits as well as 13 biochemical traits were measured at Mohageg Ardabili University in 2015. Results indicated, these traits can be used as basic criteria for quince genotype distinction. Moreover, the genotypes were different based on the shape, leaf blade attitude, and leaf-base shape. The flower color was variable between genotypes as white, pink and bicolor, which can be used as the key attributes to identify genotypes in Ardabil province. Fruit shape (round, square, oval and pear-shaped) showed remarkable differences between genotypes more than other characters. Cluster analysis according to the measured parameters could divide genotypes into three main groups. Genotypes Lm1, Lm5, Lm7, Lm9, Kv1, Kv3, Kv8, Kv4, Kv16 and Kv18 were suitable for fresh market due to fruit favorite taste, sweet and sour taste balance

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster
  • Fruit
  • germplasm
  • Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill)
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