نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان
2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان
چکیده
با شناسایی دقیق صفات و ویژگی‌های درختان میوه می‌توان بهترین رقم‌ها را برای کاربردهای مورد نظر مشخص و گسترش داد. به همین منظور برخی ویژگی‌های میوۀ سه رقم زیتون ’کنسروالیا‘،’سویلانا‘و ’مانزانیا‘در مناطق خرمآباد، کوهدشت و ویسیان بر پایۀ طرح بلوک کامل تصادفیبررسی شد. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد، در همۀ صفات ارزیابی‌شده به‌جز صفت طول میوه اختلاف معنیداری بین مناطق وجود داشت. همچنین، بین رقم‌های مختلف از نظر صفات در سطح 1 درصد اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشت. مقایسۀ میانگین صفات ارزیابی‌شده با استفاده از آزمون دانکن در سطح احتمال 5 درصد نشان داد، رقم‌ها در منطقۀ خرمآباد بیشترین مقادیر را از نظر صفات ریخت‌شناختی (مورفولوژیک) در بین مناطق مختلف داشتند ورقم کنسروالیا بیشترین مقادیر را از نظر صفات ریخت‌شناختی شامل طول، عرض و قطر میوه، وزن 20 میوه و وزن خشک تک میوه را در بین رقم‌های مختلف داشت. همچنین، رقم کنسروالیا بیشترین درصد روغن و عملکرد را در بین رقم‌ها داشت که از این لحاظ اختلاف معنیداری با دیگر رقم‌ها داشت. نتایج همبستگی نشان داد، در بیشتر موارد بین صفات ریخت‌شناختی با هم و همچنین صفت عملکرد با دیگر صفات، همبستگی بالایی وجود دارد. درنهایت، رقم کنسروالیا را به دلیل عملکرد بالای میوه و درصد بالای روغن می‌توان بهعنوان یک رقم دو منظورۀ مناسب برای باغهای تجاری زیتون در استان لرستان بهویژه شهرستان خرمآباد و مناطق همسان پیشنهاد داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of cultivar and location on yield, morphological and biochemical characteristics of some olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars in the Lorestan province
نویسندگان [English]
- Younes Shiri 1
- Bahman Zahedi 2
- Abdollah Ehteshamnia 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
چکیده [English]
We can develop the best kinds for specific uses with precise identification of fruit trees traits. In order to study some properties of three olive cultivars including 'Konservolia', 'Sevillana' and 'Manzanilla', this research was conducted in factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks in three regions, including Khorramabad, Kouhdasht and Veysian. Results of statistical comparison showed that in all evaluated traits, except for the length of the fruit there are significant differences between regions. Also, there were significant differences between different cultivars for most traits, except for chlorophyll (P<0.01). Comparing the means of evaluated traits using the Duncan test showed that cultivars in Khorramabad had the highest values in terms of morphological characteristics among different regions and between different cultivars, Konservolia cultivar had the highest values in terms of morphological characteristics including length, width and diameter of fruit, 20 fruit and fruit weight and fruit dry weight. Also, the Konservolia cultivar had highest oil content and yield between the cultivars that in this terms it had significant differences with other cultivars. Results of correlation showed that in most cases between the morphological characteristics together and yield attribute with other traits, there is a high correlation. Finally, the Konservolia cultivar can be offered as an appropriate dual-purpose cultivar for commercial olive orchards in the Lorestan province, especially Khorramabad city and similar areas because of the high yield and high percentage of the oil.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Khorramabad
- Konservolia
- Olive cultivar
- Olive oil
- A.O.A.C. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Washington D.C. USA.
- Ajam-Gard, F. & Zeinanloo, A. (2013). Compare the quality and quantity of olive in the north of the province.Iranian Journal of Seed and Plant Improvement, 1(6), 10-17. (in Farsi)
- Arji, I., Zeinanloo, A. A. & Haji-Amiri, A. (2005). Investigation adaptation of some olive cultivars in climatic conditions Sar-pole-zahab. In: Proceedings of 4th national Symposium of Horticulture science, Mashhad, Iran, p 18. (in Farsi)
- Barranco, D. & Rallo, L. (1987). Lechin de sevilla. Olivae, 4, 38-39.
- Bencic, D., Lolic, T. & Sindrak, T. (2010). Morphological diversity of olive (Olea europaea L.) variety Lastovka phenotypes in the north-western part of the island of Korcula. Seed Science, 26, 153-159.
- Cantini, C., Cimato, A. & Sani, G. (1999). Morphological evaluation of olive germpelasm present in Tuscany region. Euphytica, 109, 173-181.
- Chessa, L., Sirca, C. & Nieddu, C. (2002). Evaluation data from an olive germplasm collection. Acta Horticulturae, 586, 155-158.
- Darvishian, M. (1996). Olive. Published by Agricultural Education Center of KarajMinistry of Jehad-e-Agriculture, 312p. (in Farsi)
- Esmaeili, A., Shaykhmoradi, F. & Naseri, R. (2012). Comparison of oil content and fatty acidcomposition of native olive genotypes in different region of Liam, Iran. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4(8), 434-438.
- FAO. (2012). FAOSTAT crops. http://faostat.fao.org/site/613/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=613 #ancor.
- Ferrara, E. & Lamparelli, F. (1995). Research on agronomic and technological performance of ten table olive cultivars in Apulia. Rivista-di-Frutticoltura, 57, 67-71.
- Golmoahammadi, M. (2002). Study of morphological and physiological traits of some Olive's genotypes collected. M. Sc. Thesis. Azad University, branch of Karaj, Iran. 175p. (in Farsi)
- Haji-Amiri, A., Araji, I. & Bagheri, A. (2005).Evaluation and Comparison olive cultivars and study adaptation in climatic conditions Kermanshah. In proceedings of first national Symposium of Olive, p 27. (in Farsi)
- Haji-Amiri, A., Safari, H., Gerdekane, M. & Najai, M. (2013). Evaluation and Comparison 15 Iranian and foreign olive cultivars in Sar-pole-Zahab conditions. Journal of Horticultural Science, 27(2), 166-177. (in Farsi)
- Hashempour, A. (2009). Effect of two different climates of the Qom and Roodbar on oil quality of olive. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Gilan, Iran. 180p. (in Farsi)
- Homapour, M., Hamedi, M., Moslehishad, M. & Safafar, H. (2014). Investigation of physical and chemical properties of olive oil Zard and Rowghani cultivars in Shiraz and Kazeroon regions. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Industry, 9(1), 121-130.
- Hosseini-Mazinani, M., Samaee, S. M., Sadeghi, H. & Caballero, J. M. (2004). Evalution of olive germplasm in Iran on the basic of morphological traits: Assessment of Zard and Rowghani cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 634, 145-151.
- Karamian, R., Sardabi, H., Mohammadian, A. & Jahanpour, F. (2009). Evaluation and Comparison of Adaptability of 10 olive cultivars in terms of survival, height growth, diameter and fruiting in Khorramabad, Lorestan. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 17(3), 319-326. (in Farsi)
- Khakdaman, H., Pourmeidani, A. & Naeini, M. R. (2005). Investigation adaptation and growth in the three years of twelve cultivars with multi purpose the use in Qom. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 13(2), 175-190. (in Farsi)
- Kmoun, N.C., Ouazzani N. & Trigui, A. (2002). Characterizing isozymes of some Tunisian olive cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 586, 137-140.
- Mirmansouri, A. (1997). Olive. Agricultural education. Karaj, Press, p. 108. (in Farsi)
- Mohammadi, H. & Vakili, D. (2007). Olive (Planting, Harvesting and Processing). Nedaye Sabze Shomal Publications. Rasht, Iran, 214 pp. (in Farsi)
- Najafian, L., Hadad-khodaparast, M. H. & Ghods-vali, A. (2007). Oil extraction of three cultivars of olive using enzymatic process.Journal of Food Science and Technology, 4(1), 45-52. (in Farsi)
- Niroumand, A. & Seyed-Nejhad, S. M. (2006). Identify and assess changes in soluble sugar during fruit ripening two olives. Journal of Science, University of Chamran, Ahvaz, 15(2), 35-44. (in Farsi)
- Padula, G., Giordani, E., Bellini, E., Rosati, A., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, A., Pannelli, G., Ripa, V., De Rose, F., Perri, E., Buccoliero, A., & Mennone, C. (2008). Field evaluation of new olive (Olea europaea L.) selections and effects of genotype and environment on productivity and fruit characteristics. Horticultural Science, 22, 87-94.
- Pour-Eskandari, E., Soleimani, A., Saba, J. & Taheri, M. (2013). Evaluation of pomological traits and classification of some olive cultivars in Zanjan province. Iranian Journal of Seed and Plant Improvement, 1-29 (4), 623-636. (in Farsi)
- Razavi, F. (1998). Identification of Native Walnut Genotypes in Some Regions of Esfahan Province. M.Sc. Thesis Science Horticulture, Agriculture Faculty, Trbiat Modares University. (in Farsi)
- Rezaei, R. Hasani, Gh., Hasani, D. & Vahdati, K. (2008). Morphobiological characteries of some new walnut genotypes in seed population of Kahriz-Urmia. Journal of Horticultural Sciences of Iran, 9(3), 205-214. (in Farsi)
- Rosati, A., Cafiero, C., Paoletti, A., Alfei, B., Caporali, S., Casciani, L. & Valentini, M. (2014). Effect of agronomical practices on carpology, fruit and oil composition, and oil sensory properties, in olive (Olea europaea L.). Food Chemistry, 159, 236-243.
- SAS. (1998). SAS/STAT releases 8.2, SAS Institute Inc.
- Sistani, F., Ramezanpour, S., Soltanloo, H. & Seyfi, E. (2011). Cluster analysis and analysis of variance to assess the genetic diversity of olive for Quantitative Traits. In Proceedings of 12th national Symposium of Genetic, Iran. pp 85. (in Farsi)
- Tabatabaei, M. (1997). Olive location reports. The Ministry of Agriculture, olive development plan. (in Farsi)
- The Expert Panel of Olive. (2007).National guidelines tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability in olive.Institute registration and certification of seeds and seedlings. (in Farsi)
- Zeinanloo, A. A. (2010). The guideline program of Olive.Institute registration and certification of seeds and seedlings. (in Farsi)
)