ویژگی‌های میوه‌شناختی برخی از نژادگان‌های زالزالک در استان آذربایجان غربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور ارزیابی و مقایسۀ 20 نژادگان زالزالک از چهار گونۀ مختلف، برای شناسایی و معرفی نژادگان­های برتر به لحاظ میوه‌شناختی در استان آذربایجان غربی انجام شد. صفاتی مانند رنگ و اندازۀ میوه، وزن میوه، طول دم میوه، طول و عرض برگ، طول دم برگ، وزن، طول و عرض بذر، سفتی میوه اندازه­گیری شدند. بزرگ‌ترین میوه­ها در گونه Crataegus azarolus و کوچک‌ترین میوه‌ها در گونه­های
C. monogyna و C. aplosangouaineaمشاهده شد. صفات مرتبط با برگ از جمله طول و عرض برگ همبستگی معنی­داری با صفات مرتبط به میوه مانند وزن، اندازة میوه و طول و عرض بذر داشتند. پنج عامل اصلی بر پایۀ تجزیه به عامل­ها، نزدیک به 11/89 درصد از واریانس کل را توجیه کردند. در تجزیۀ خوشه­ای به روش وارد (Ward)نژادگان­های زالزالک به سه گروه اصلی تقسیم شدند. نژادگان­های مربوط به گونۀ C. azarolus var azarolus و چندین نژادگان نیز از گونۀ C. aplosangouaineaدر گروه نخست قرار گرفتند که بالاترین سفتی میوه و شمار بذر بیشتری داشتند. در گروه دوم نژادگان­های گونۀ C.azarolus قرار دارند که طول، عرض و وزن میوۀ بالاتری داشت. در گروه سوم نیز نژادگان­های گونۀ C. monogyna و چندین نژادگان نیز از گونۀ C. aplosangouaineaجای گرفتند که صفات چگالی میوه، طول برگ و شاخص a* در جداسازی این گروه نقش مهمی داشتند. نتایج نشان داد، گروه­بندی تا حدودی از الگوی توزیع گونه­ای نژادگان­ها پیروی می­کند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده را می­توان در برنامه­های بهنژادی و معرفی رقم در زالزالک به‌کار برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Pomological characteristics of some hawthorn genotypes in West Azerbaijan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sattar Dirili 1
  • Hamid Hassanpour 2
  • Alireza Farokhzad 2
1 Fromer M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed for evaluation and comparison of 20 hawthorn genotypes from four different species, to introduce superior genotypes in terms of pomology in West Azerbaijan Province. The different treats such as weight, length and width of fruit, peduncle length, length and width of leaf, petiole length, weight, length and width of seed, fruit firmness and fruit color parameters were measured. The largest fruit was observed in Crataegus azarolus species whereas, the smallest fruit was observed in C. monogyna and C. aplosangouainea species. Leaf length and Leaf width had significant correlation with fruit weight, fruit size, seed length and seed width. The five main factors based on factor analysis were explained approximately 89.11 percent of the total variance. According to cluster analysis based on Ward's method, genotypes were divided into three main groups. Genotypes related to C.azarolus var azarolus and several genotypes related to C. aplosangouainea located in group A which had the highest fruit firmness and seed number. In the second group, the genotypes belonging to C. azarolus were located and these genotypes had the highest fruit length, fruit width and fruit weight. In the third group, the genotypes belonging to C. monogyna and several genotypes related to C. aplosangouainea were located and the fruit density, leaf length and a* color index had a significant role in the separation of this group. Results showed that grouping followed species distribution pattern of genotypes. Results obtained might be helpful for breeding programs and introducing of cultivar in hawthorn.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster Analysis
  • Correlation
  • factor analysis
  • fruit color
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