تأثیر محلول‌پاشی آهن و تغذیۀ خاکی نیترات آمونیوم بر کیفیت پس از برداشت میوۀ سیب رقم دلبار استیوال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

افزون بر شرایط انبار، عامل‌های پیش از برداشت از جمله تغذیه بر کیفیت تازه‌خوری و افزایش ماندگاری میوه دخالت دارد. در این پژوهش، تأثیر محلول‌پاشی آهن (سکوسترین 138) در سه سطح (0، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و کاربرد خاکی نیتروژن به‌صورت نیترات آمونیوم در سه سطح (20، 40 و 60 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) روی برخی از ویژگی‌های کیفی میوۀ سیب رقم دلباراستیوال در زمان برداشت و در مدت انبارمانی آزمایش شده است. نتایج نشان داد، سطوح مختلف نیتروژن استفاده‌شده منجر به افزایش میزان فنول‌های کل و در سطوح بالا باعث افزایش درصد کاهش وزن میوه­ها طی انبارمانی شد. سطوح آهن به‌کار برده شده نیز منجر به افزایش مواد جامد محلول (TSS)، محتوای فنولی و پاداکسنده (آنتی­اکسیدان)­های کل شد و درصد کاهش وزن در فرآیند انبارمانی را نیز کاهش داد. اثر متقابل تیمارهای آهن و نیتروژن موجب حفظ بیشتر ویتامین ث، افزایش میزان فنول کل، کاهش سفتی بافت میوه شده است. تأثیر انبارمانی بر برخی شاخص­ها مانند سفتی بافت میوه، مواد جامد محلول، ویتامین ث، محتوای فنولی و پاداکسنده­های کل معنی­دار بود و منجر به کاهش کلی کیفیت میوه‌ها شد، اما تغذیۀ مناسب موجب حفظ بهتر کیفیت پس از برداشت میوه‌ها شد. درمجموع، می‌توان غلظت 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر آهن را برای بهبود ویژگی‌های کیفی این رقم مناسب دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of the foliar spraying of iron and soil application of the ammonium nitrate, on postharvest quality of apple 'Delbar stival'

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sirvan Mansouri 1
  • Mesbah Babalar 2
  • Siamak Kalantari 3
  • Mohammad Ali Askary sarcheshmeh 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In addition to storage conditions, pre-harvest factors including nutrition is essential to increase the shelf life. In this experiment the effects of three different levels of iron foliar applications (0, 50 and 100 ppm) and nitrogen (20, 40 and 60 ppm) application in the soil were investigated in apple (Malus domestica cv. Delbar stival). Traits such as quality factors during storage period were measured. The factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replications. According to the results of this study, iron application increased TSS, dry weight and total phenolic contents. Also, with increasing nitrogen concentration, the antioxidant level was increased. Effect of storage on some para meters such as firmness, dry matter, total phenolic content, vitamin C and total antioxidants was significant, leading to a decline in the quality of the fruits. It can be concluded that, iron application at 100 mg/l per tree was suitable for improving the quality indexes for this cultivar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Apple
  • iron
  • nitrogen
  • quality
  • storage

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 مرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 مرداد 1395

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