نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
3 دانشیار، پژوهشکدۀ مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه گرمسیری رامسر
چکیده
بررسی الگوی تغییر فصلی محتوای کربوهیدراتی درخت بر گل‌انگیزی و تشکیل و نمو میوه موضوعی پراهمیت در فیزیولوژی باردهی و مدیریت باغ‌های میوه است. بنابراین و به‌منظور کنترل تناوب باردهی، آزمایشی در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با درختان 24 سالۀ نارنگی انشو در شرایط دیم در شهرستان رامسر انجام شد. هدف‌های عمدۀ این پژوهش شامل بررسی جزءبندی ذخایر کربوهیدراتی درخت در سال‌های آور و نیاور، ارزیابی رابطۀ اندوخته‌های قندی با تولید گل و میوه، همچنین، تعیین تأثیر محلول‌پاشی 2,4-D در سالِ آور بر الگوی تغییر قندها، فعالیت آنزیم‌های ریزشی، تعدیل تناوب باردهی و کمیت و کیفیت محصول بوده است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده مؤید تأثیر بارز میزان بارآوری بر جزءبندی و نوسان فصلی کربوهیدرات‌ها بود و نشان داد، فعالیت آنزیم‌های ریزشی متأثر از سطح بارآوری است. نتایج همچنین نشان داد، 2,4-D ضمن تعدیل تناوب باردهی نارنگی انشو توانست سبب بهبود وزن میوه شود. بر پایۀ داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده، میزان نشاستۀ برگ در پایان ریزش جودرو را می‌توان به‌عنوان یک سنجۀ بیوشیمیایی برای پیشگویی وزن نهایی تک میوه در همان سال و نیز تراکم گل‌ها در سال بعد استفاده کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigation on the effect of alternate bearing and 2,4-D application on changes in reserved starch and activity of abscission enzymes in Satsuma mandarin
نویسندگان [English]
- Babak Adouli 1
- Zabihollah Zamani 2
- Mohammad Reza Fattahi Moghadam 2
- Behrouz Golein 3
- Karamatollah Rezaee 2
1 Ph.D. Student and Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute, Ramsar, Iran
چکیده [English]
The effect of seasonal changes pattern of internal carbohydrates of trees on flowering, fruit set, and fruit development is an important subject for orchard management and physiology of fruit production. With the aim of alternate bearing control, a research was performed based on RCBD design under dry farming condition at Ramsar on 24 years old of Satsuma mandarin trees. Main purposes of this research were to investigate the partitioning of soluble and insoluble carbohydrates of trees during on and off years, evaluating the relation between carbohydrate reserves, flowering and fruit set, effect of 2,4-D foliar application on carbohydrate partitioning, abscission enzymes activity, control of alternate bearing and crop quantity and fruit quality. Results showed that bearing level had a meaningful effect on carbohydrate partitioning and its seasonal fluctuations. Activity of abscission enzymes were affected by crop load as well as exogenous 2,4-D application. Results also showed that 2,4-D could regulate alternate bearing of Satsuma mandarin trees and improve fruit weight. Based on obtained information, the leaf starch content at the end of June-drop is a reliable biochemical index for predicting of final individual fruit weight at the same year as well as the flower density in the next year.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Carbohydrate
- citrus
- Fruit abscission
- fruit set
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