نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان
2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان
چکیده
در این پژوهش، شمار 21 نژادگان (ژنوتیپ) انار از چهار منطقۀ استان لرستان با استفاده از صفات ریختشناختی (مورفولوژیک) و بیوشیمیایی ارزیابی شد. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس نشان داد، بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی بهغیر از درصد پوست، pHو میزان مواد جامد محلول اختلاف معنیداری در بین نژادگانها داشتند. در کل نژادگانها، در بین صفات بیشترین تنوع بهترتیب 11/50، 06/46 و 22/32 درصد برای ویتامینث، وزن میوه و میزان اسید به دست آمد. تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی نشان داد، شش عامل اصلی که مقادیر ویژۀ آن‌ها بیشتر از یک بود، توانستند 60/97 درصد از واریانس کل را توجیه کنند. پراکنش نژادگانها با استفاده از مؤلفههای اصلی نشان داد نژادگان A7ʻ(ʼسوزۀ تاج کوتاه شینه شاهʻ) که بالاترین وزن میوه را داشت، از نظر دو مؤلفۀ اصلی اول و دوم بالاترین ضریب‌های مثبت را داشت. صفات وزن تک‌دانه، وزن کل پوست، وزن ده‌دانه، نسبت طول به عرض برگ، درصد پوست در مؤلفۀ اول (PC1) و صفات طول تاج، اسیدیته، سطح برگ و طول میوه در مؤلفۀ دوم (PC2) قرار گرفتند. در تجزیۀ خوشه‌ای نژادگانها به روش وارد، در فاصلۀ اقلیدوسی پنج، نژادگانهای بررسی‌شده در شش خوشۀ اصلی دستهبندی شدند که نژادگانهای یک منطقه در خوشههای مختلفی قرار گرفتند که ناشی از تفاوت نژادگانهای درون هر منطقه و همخوانی نداشتن فاصلۀ ژنتیکی و جغرافیایی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) genotypes in Lorestan province by Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Sepahvand 1
- Bahman Zahedi 2
- Abdollah Ehteshamnia 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
چکیده [English]
In this study, 21 pomegranate genotypes were collected from Lorestan province, and evaluated using morphological and biochemical characteristics. Results of variance analysis showed statistic significant differences between genotypes, except for percent of skin, pH, and soluble solids traits. The amount of variation in total genotypes, showed the highest coefficient of variation was 50.11, 46.06 and 32.22% for vitamin C, weight of fruit and amount of acid, respectively. Principal components analysis showed that four main factors could have denoted 98.91% of the total variation. Distribution of genotypes using Principal components analysis was performed and plot distribution of genotypes showed that A7 (‘Souze shine Shah Taj Kutah’) genotype had the highest fruit weight, the two main components of the first and second highest coefficient was positive. Traits such as single berry weight, the total weight of the skin, weight of 10 seeds, leaf length to width ratio, the percentage of skin in the first component (PC1) and crown length, acidity, leaf and fruit in the second component (PC2), was grouped respectively. Cluster analysis of genotypes was performed by Ward method and 21 genotypes in Euclidian distance 5 were classified into six clusters that genotypes collected from a region were located in different clusters. In this study, important factors in genotype grouping were weight and figure of fruit. These result obtained due to differences between genotypes in each region and no relation betwen genetic distance with geographical distance was found.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Cluster Analysis
- fruit characteristics
- Genetic diversity
- pomegranate
- principal components analysis
- Barzegar, M., Fadavi, A. & Azizi, T. M. H. (2004). Evaluation of physico-chemical composition of cultivated pomegranates in Yazd. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, 1(2), 9-14. (in Farsi)
- Behzadi-Shahrbabaki, H. (1998). Dispersion and variation of pomegranate in Iran. Publication of Agricultural Education. (in Farsi)
- Bodaghi, SH. (2008). Characterization of quantitative and qualitative 5 varieties of pomegranate in the in Saveh of Iran. M.Sc. Thesis. Azad University of Karaj, Iran. (in Farsi)
- Farshadfar, E. (2005). Multivariate principles and procedures of statistics. (pp. 734). Publication of Taghbostan, Kermanshah, Iran. (in Farsi)
- Ghorbani, T., Choghamirza, K. & Arji, A. (2011). Evaluation of genetic variation of pomegranate using a combination of molecular markers. In: Proceedings of National Conference of pomegranate. 05-06 Oct, Ferdos, Center of Pomegranate Researches. (in Farsi)
- Mirjalili, S. A. (2002). Recognition of pomegranate. Publish agricultural education. (in Farsi)
- Mohseni, A. (2003). A look at the production of pomegranate. Office of tropical and subtropical fruits. 39 pp. (in Farsi)
- Mohseni, A. (2007). Identification and introduction best exports of Pomegranate Cultivars in Iran. Office of tropical and subtropical fruits. 3 pp. (in Farsi)
- Mousavinejad, G., Emam-jomeh, Z., Rezaei, K., and Haddad & Khodaparast, M.H. (2009). Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds and their effects on antioxidant activity in pomegranate juices of eight Iranian cultivars. Food Chemistry, 115, 1274-1278.
- Pirmoradian, M. (2009). Introduction some native apples of Esfahan province. Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center. 7 pp. (in Farsi)
- Pouzesh-Shirazi M. Mokhtar-Zolfi, B. Modaresi, M. & Behzadi, B. (2013). Effect of drought stress on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in different stage of growth. Journal of Horticultural Sciences of Iran, 44 (4), 451-459. (in Farsi)
- Rasouli, M., Fatahi-Moghadam, M., Zamani, Z., Imani, A. & Ebadi, A. (2012). Phenotypic Variation some almond varieties and genotypes using morphological markers.Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 43 (4), 357-370. (in Farsi)
- Sarkhosh, A. (1384). Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics 24 pomegranate. M.Sc. Thesis. Tehran University, Iran. (in Farsi)
- Sarkhosh, A., Zamani, Z., Fattahi-Moghadam, M. R., Ebadi, A., Saie, A., Tabatabaei, S. Z. & Akrami, M. R. (2006). Study of relationship among quality and quantity traits in some fruits of pomegranate genotypes. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 4, 146-185. (in Farsi)
- Tatari, M., Fotouhi Ghazvini, R., Ghasemnejad, M., Mousavi, S. A. & Tabatabaii, S. Z. (2011). Morphological and biochemical characteristics of fruit in some pomegranate cultivars in climatical conditions of saveh. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 27 (1), 69-87. (in Farsi)
- Varasteh, F., Arzani, K. & Zamani, Z. (2008). Evaluation of physico-chemical seasonal changes in fruit of pomegranate ‘Malase torshe saveh’ cultivar. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 39 (1), 29-38. (in Farsi)
- Zamani, Z. (1990). Characteristics of Pomegranate Cultivars Grown in Saveh of Iran. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. 175p. (in Farsi)
- Zarei, A. K., Zamani, Z., Fatahimoghadam, M., Salami, S. A. & Mousavi, A. (2013). The measurement of lignin content, peroxidase and laccase activity in the seed and Ariel of some soft and hard grain seed pomegranate genotypes during different developmental stages of fruit. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 45 (3), 309-317. (in Farsi)
)