تأثیر سیلیکات پتاسیم بر کاهش تجمع بُر و آسیب‌های اکسایشی در انگور بیدانۀ سفید در شرایط تنش سمیت بُر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

تنش ناشی از سمیت بُر از مهم­ترین اختلال‌ها در نواحی خشک و نیمه‌خشک به شمار می‌آید. تیمار سیلیسیم یکی از روش‌های افزایش مقاومت گیاهان به تنش­های غیرزنده است. برای ارزیابی تأثیر سیلیسیم بر کاهش سمیت بُر در انگور بیدانۀ سفید، آزمایشی با سه سطح بُر (2/0، 15 و 30 میلی­گرم در لیتر) و سه سطح سیلیکات پتاسیم (0، 50 و 100 میلی­گرم در لیتر) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. سه ماه پس از اعمال تیمارها، میزان تجمع بُر، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، نشت یونی، پرولین، مالون دی آلدهید، قند و پروتئین محلول و فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد، با افزایش غلظت بُر در محلول غذایی، میزان تجمع بُر، نشت یونی، محتوای پرولین، مالون دی آلدهید و پروتئین محلول برگ افزایش و محتوای نسبی آب برگ و فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز کاهش یافت. کاربرد سیلیکات پتاسیم به‌طور معنی­داری میزان تجمع بُر، مالون دی آلدهید و نشت یونی در برگ را کاهش و فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز و محتوای نسبی آب برگ را افزایش داد. تیمارها تأثیر معنی­داری بر محتوای قندهای محلول نداشتند. در تنش 30 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بُر، با کاربرد 100 میلی­گرم در لیتر سیلیکات پتاسیم میزان تجمع بُر 33 میلی­گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن خشک برگ کاهش یافت. نتایج نشان داد، تیمار سیلیکات پتاسیم با کاهش تجمع بُر در برگ­ها، تنش‌های اکسایشی (اکسیداتیو) ناشی از سمیت بُر را در نهال‌های انگور بیدانۀ سفید تعدیل می­ کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of potassium silicate on reduction of boron accumulation and oxidative damages in grape (Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Bidaneh Sefid’) under boron toxicity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Nezamdoost 1
  • Alireza Farokhzad 2
  • Mir Hassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani 3
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Stress induced by boron toxicity is one of the main problems in the arid and semi-arid area. One of the methods for increasing plant resistance to abiotic stresses is silicon treatment. In order to study the effect of silicon on boron toxicity reduction in ‘Bidaneh Sefid’ grape saplings, an experiment was conducted with three concentrations of boron (0.2, 15 and 30 mg/l) and potassium silicate (0, 50 and 100 mg/l) in factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Three months after the treatments, accumulation of boron, relative water content, ion leakage, proline, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars, soluble protein and guaiacol peroxidase enzyme activity was measured. The results showed that accumulation of boron, ion leakage, proline and malondialdehyde content, soluble sugars and total soluble protein of leaves increased with increasing boron concentration but relative water content and guaiacol peroxidase enzyme activity decreased. Potassium silicate application significantly reduced the accumulation of boron, malondialdehyde content and ion leakage in leaves and increased guaiacol peroxidase enzyme activity and leaf relative water content. None of the treatments had a significant effect on soluble sugar content. Boron accumulation in 30 ppm boron treatment was decreased 33 mg per kilograms dry weight by 100 mg/l potassium silicate application compared to the same treatment with zero ppm potassium silicate concentration. The results showed that grape saplings treatment with 100 mg/l potassium silicate alleviates oxidative damage caused by boron toxicity by reducing boron accumulation in leaves.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biochemical Characteristics
  • boron stress
  • hydroponic culture
  • ion leakage
  • soluble protein

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 دی 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اردیبهشت 1395

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