تأثیر قارچ قارچریشۀ آربسکولار (Glomus mosseae) برجذب و توزیع برخی عنصرهای غذایی (فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم، سدیم، کلر، روی و مس) در دانهال‌های پستۀ سرخس، ابارقی و بنه‌باغی در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج)، رفسنجان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج)، رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش برای تعیین اثر همزیستی قارچ میکوریز آربسکولار (Glomus mosseae) و مقایسۀ سه پایه پسته از نظر جذب و توزیع عنصرهای غذایی فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم، سدیم، کلر، روی و مس در تنش شوری انجام شد. بدین منظور آزمایشی گلخانه‌ای در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی به‌صورت فاکتوریل با سه عامل: میکوریز (میکوریز و بدون میکوریز)، شوری آب آبیاری (5/0، 5، 10 و 15 ds/m) و پایه (سرخس، ابارقی و بنه باغی) اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد، سطوح مختلف شوری موجب کاهش همزیستی و جذب عناصر (فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، روی و مس) در پایهها شد و با افزایش سطح شوری تجمع سدیم و کلر در ریشه و شاخساره افزایش یافت. توزیع عنصرها تحت تأثیر تیمار میکوریز قرار گرفت به‌طوری‌که میزان عنصرهای فسفر، پتاسیم، سدیم و کلر در ریشه کمتر از شاخساره بود. گیاهان دارای میکوریز در مقایسه با گیاهان بدون میکوریز غلظت بالاتری از فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم و روی داشتند همچنین غلظت سدیم و کلر در گیاهان میکوریزی کمتر از گیاهان بدون میکوریز بود. در مجموع همزیستی پایه‌های پسته با میکوریز سبب افزایش مقاومت به تنش شوری شد که دست‌کم می‌توان بخشی از آن را به افزایش جذب برخی از یون‌های کانی کم‌تحرک مانند فسفر و روی و فراهم نمودن تنظیم اسمزی بیشتر نسبت داد. پایۀ بنه‌باغی نسبت به دو پایۀ دیگر محتوای سدیم و کلر کمتری در ریشه و شاخساره داشت که می‌تواند دلیلی برای مقاومت بیشتر این پایه در مقایسه با دو پایۀ دیگر در برابر شوری آب آبیاری باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae) on the uptake and distribution of elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, Cu and Zn) in Pistachio seedlings ‘Sarakhs’, ‘Abareghi’ and ‘Bane Baqi’ (P. eurycarpa × P. mutica) in salinity conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Fattahi 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Shamshiri 2
  • Shirin Naslolahpourmoghadam 1
1 M.Sc. Student, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was planed to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza (G. mosseae) symbiosis and three pistachio rootstocks of ‘Sarakhs’, ‘Abareqi’ and ‘Bane Baqi’ on elements uptake and distribution under salt stress. A greenhouse experiment was conducted as factorial with three factors of mycorrhizae by two levels (with or without mycorrhizae), saltiness of irrigation water by four levels (EC of 0.5, 5 10 and 15 dS.m-1) and rootstock by three levels (Sarakhs, Abareghi and Bane Baqi). Different levels of salt stress caused reduction in mycorrhizal colonization as well as elements uptake in all rootstocks while Na+ and Cl- accumulation in shoot and roots were increased as the effect of salt stress intensity. Elements distribution was affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as their accumulation (P, K, Na, Cl) were lower in roots than shoot. Mycorrhizal plants had higher concentrations of P, K, Ca and Zn and lower of Na and Cl in comparison to non-mycorrhizal plants. Symbiosis relations of pistachio rootstocks with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus led to increase salt stress resistance, which can be attributed, at least partially, to improve uptake of some low mobile elements like P and Zn and better osmosis regulation. Bane Baqi had lower content of Na and Cl in shoot and roots in comparison with two other which can be reason for its more resistance to salt stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • mycorrhizae
  • nutrient elements
  • pistachio
  • Salt

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 آذر 1394

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