ارزیابی تأثیر پیوند و سطوح مختلف نیتروژن بر رشد و عملکرد طالبی سمسوری در شرایط مزرعه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استادیار،‌ پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 استاد،‌ پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

در این پژوهش تأثیر پایة Ace و سطوح مختلف نیتروژن (60، 120 و 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بر رشد رویشی، عملکرد، ویژگی‌های کیفی میوه، غلظت نیتروژن برگ و میوة طالبی رقم سمسوری در شرایط مزرعه ای به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال 1392 ارزیابی شد. افزایش میزان نیتروژن از 60 کیلوگرم به 120 کیلوگرم، موجب 4/23درصد افزایش در عملکرد کل بازارپسند شد، درحالی‌که با افزایش میزان نیتروژن از 120 کیلوگرم به 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد بازارپسند 7/19درصد کاهش یافت. عملکرد کل بازارپسند در گیاهان پیوندی در مقایسه با گیاهان غیرپیوندی، 85/18درصد بیشتر بود. عملکرد تک بوته، شمار میوه و عملکرد بازارپسند در بوته در گیاهان پیوندی بالاتر از گیاهان غیرپیوندی بود. سفتی گوشت میوه در پاسخ به افزایش میزان نیتروژن، کاهش یافت و بالاترین میزان سفتی گوشت میوه در تیمار 60 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص به دست آمد. درصد مادة خشک در میوه‌های برداشت‌شده از گیاهان پیوندی به‌طور معنی‌داری بالاتر از گیاهان غیرپیوندی بود. مواد جامد محلول وpH  تحت تأثیر پیوند و میزان نیتروژن قرار نگرفت. طول ساقه نیز تحت تأثیر تیمار پیوند قرار گرفت و بالاترین طول ساقه (17/212 سانتی‌متر) در گیاهان پیوندی به دست آمد، درحالی‌که کمترین طول ساقه (56/173 سانتی‌متر) در گیاهان غیرپیوندی ثبت شد. غلظت نیتروژن در برگ و میوة گیاهان پیوندی در مقایسه با گیاهان غیرپیوندی بیشتر بود. بر پایة نتایج، کاربرد روش پیوند و سطح بهینة نیتروژن (120کیلوگرم) می‌تواند موجب بهبود رشد و عملکرد در گیاه طالبی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the effects of grafting and different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of Samsoori melon in field conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Esmaeili 1
  • Reza Salehi Mohammadi 2
  • Mesbah Babalar 3
  • Mohammad Reza Taheri 2
  • Hossein Mohammadi 1
1 M.Sc. Student, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study effect of Ace rootstock and different levels of nitrogen (60, 120, 180 Kg/h) on vegetative growth, yield, quality characteristics of fruit, leaf and fruit nitrogen concentration of Cucumis melo cv. Samsoori as a factorial experiment in Completely Randomized block Design evaluated in field condition in 2013. Increasing nitrogen levels from 60 to 120 kg.ha–1 increased marketable yield by 23.4%, whereas increasing nitrogen rate from 120 to 180 kg.ha–1 decreased muskmelon yield by 19.7%. Marketable yield was higher (18.85%) in grafted in relation to non-grafted plants. Yield per plant, marketable fruit number and total yield per plant was higher in grafted plants. Fruit flesh firmness decreased in response to an increase in nitrogen fertilization and the highest values recorded on plants receiving 60 kg nitrogen per hectare. Fruit dry matter percent in fruits harvested from grafted plants were significantly higher than non-grafted plants. Total soluble solid and pH not affected by grafting and nitrogen amount. Stem length was also affected by grafting and highest stem length (212/17 cm) obtained in grafted plants, whereas lowest stem length (173/56 cm) were recorded in the non-grafted plants. Nitrogen concentration in leaf and fruits of grafted plants was higher than non-grafted. According to results, use of grafting and appropriate rate of nitrogen (120 kg) can improve growth and yield of muskmelon plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cucurbita rootstock
  • melon
  • scion
  • yield

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 دی 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 بهمن 1394

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