تأثیر محلول‌پاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم و سولفات روی بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک دو رقم انگور در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

4 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

5 دانشیار پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه

چکیده

به‌منظوربررسیتأثیر تنش شوری بربرخی ازویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک انگورو تأثیرمحلول‌پاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم و سولفات روی در تعدیل اثرگذاری‌های شوری، یک آزمایش گلدانی در شرایط گلخانه انجام گرفت. برای این منظور نهال‌های ریشه‌دار رقم‌های انگور رشه (متحمل به شوری) و بی‌دانۀ قرمز (نیمه حساس به شوری) تحتتیمارهای شوری(0، 50 و 100  میلی‌مولار کلرور سدیم)، محلول‌پاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم (0، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و سولفات روی (0، 2 و 4 گرم در لیتر) در شرایط آبکشتی (هیدروپونیک)قرار گرفتند. این پژوهش به‌صورت یک آزمایش فاکتوریل (رقم، سطوح شوری و تیمار محلول‌پاشی) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی ودر سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شدت تنش شوری،محتوای نسبی آب برگ، نورساخت)فتوسنتز)، تعرق، هدایت روزنه‌ای و میزان سبزینه (کلروفیل) کاهش پیدا کرد و میزان کاهش این فراسنجه‌ها در رقم رشه کمتر از رقم بی‌دانۀ قرمز بود. اما محلول‌پاشی با سطوح مختلف سیلیکات پتاسیم و سولفات روی موجب افزایش محتوی نسبی آب برگ،نورساخت، تعرق، هدایت روزنه‌ای و میزان سبزینهدر هر دو رقم شد. مؤثرترین تیمار محلول‌پاشی از بین تیمارهای مورد استفاده، تیمار سیلیکات پتاسیم 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به همراه سولفات روی 2 گرم در لیتر بود به‌طوری‌که در بالاترین سطح شوری (100 میلی‌مولار)، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، هدایت روزنه‌ای و نورساخت در این تیمار به ترتیب 75/13، 14/91 و 56/47 درصد بیشتر از تیمار بدون محلول‌پاشی بود. بنابر نتایج این پژوهش می‌توان از محلول‌پاشی همزمان سیلیکات پتاسیم و سولفات روی برای کاهش اثرگذاری‌های شوری در انگور استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of foliar application of potassium silicate and zinc sulphate on some physiological parameters of two grapevine cultivars under salt stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Azizi 1
  • Abbas Hassani 2
  • Mir Hassan Rasouli Sadaghiani 3
  • Naser Abbaspour 4
  • Hamed Doulati Baneh 5
1 Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, West Azerbaijan, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the effects of salt stress on some physiological parameters of grapevine and the effect of foliar application of potassium silicate and zinc sulphate in alleviating saline effects, a pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse condition. Rooted sapling of two grapevine cultivars, ‌‘Rasha’ (salt-tolerant cultivar) and ‌‘Bidaneh ghermez’ (salt-semi sensitive cultivar) were subjected to different NaCl concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mM) and foliar application of potassium silicate (0, 150 and 300 mg/l) and zinc sulphate (0, 2 and 4 g/l) in hydroponic conditions. The experiment was conducted using a factorial design (cultivar, salinity levels and foliar application as factors) based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that relative water content, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and chlorophyll content decreased with increasing salinity level. The reduction of physiological parameters in ‘Rasha’ was less than ‘Bidaneh ghermez’. Foliar application of different concentrations of potassium silicate and zinc sulphate increased relative water content, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and chlorophyll content in both cultivars. The most effective treatment was potassium silicate 300 mg/l + zinc sulphate 2 g/l, so that at the highest salinity level (100 mM) relative water content, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in this treatment was 13.75%, 91.14% and 47.56% more than no foliar application treatment, respectively. According to the results of this study foliar application of potassium silicate and zinc sulphate can be used to alleviate salinity effects in grapevine.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grapevine
  • Photosynthesis
  • relative water content
  • Salinity stress
  • Silicon
  • Zinc

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 آبان 1394

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