اثر اسید سالیسیلیک و پوتریسین بر برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و اسانس گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

نعناع فلفلی با نام علمیL.  Mentha piperita از خانوادۀ Lamiaceae از جمله گیاهان دارویی و معطری است که اسانس آن در صنایع مختلف داروسازی استفاده می­شود. به‌منظور ارزیابی برخی شاخص­های فیزیولوژیکی و اسانس نعناع فلفلی آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل با استفاده از تیمارهای اسید سالیسیلیک (0، 1/0، 1 میلی‌مولار) و پوتریسین (0، 1/0، 1 میلی­مولار) در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. همۀ صفات در دو چین ارزیابی شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این پژوهش نشان داد که میانگین همۀ صفات (به‌جز نسبت سبزینۀ (کلروفیل) a/b، کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و مواد جامد محلول) در چین اول به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از چین دوم بودند. کاربرد غلظت­های مختلف اسید سالیسیلیک منجر به کاهش میزان سبزینۀ کل و a، کارتنوئید و آنتوسیانین شد. همچنین تیمارهای 1/0 و 1 میلی­مولار اسید سالیسیلیک درصد اسانس شاخسارۀ نعناع فلفلی را در مقایسه با مصرف نکردن آن، 02/16و 91/32 درصد و نیز درصد اسانس برگ گیاه را نسبت به شاهد، 54/2 و 66/29 درصد افزایش داد. با افزایش مقادیر پوتریسین، عملکرد تر و خشک در واحد سطح، سبزینۀa ، سبزینۀ کل، کاروتنوئید و درصد اسانس برگ افزایش یافت. با به‌کارگیری 1 میلی­مولار پوتریسین میزان آنتوسیانین و درصد اسانس برگ در مقایسه با شاهد به ترتیب 91/33 و 36/21 درصد افزایش یافت. افزون بر آن اثر متقابل دو عامل مورد بررسی روی عملکرد تر در واحد سطح، سبزینۀ a وb، سبزینۀ کل، کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین، مواد جامد محلول و اثر متقابل سه عامل بر عملکرد خشک در واحد سطح، کاروتنوئید و مواد جامد محلول معنی­دار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of salicylic acid and putrescine on some physiological characters and essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Najjarzadeh 1
  • Jaber Panahandeh 2
  • Saeedeh Alizadeh Salteh 3
  • Fariborz Zaare-Nahandi 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) is a medicinal and aromatic plant belonging to Lamiaceae family that its essential oil is used in differernt pharmaceutical industries. In order to study the effect salicylic acid and putrescine on some physiological characters and essential oil of peppermint, an experiment was conducted as a factorial using treatments of salicylic acid (0, 0.1, 1 mM) and putrescine (0, 0.1, 1 mM) in randomized complete block design with three replications. All traits were evaluated in two harvests. Results showed that all traits (except the ratio of chlorophyll a/b, carotenoid, anthocyanin and soluble solids) in the first harvest were significantly higher than the second harvest. Application of different concentrations of salicylic acid led to decrease the amount of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin. Also the treatments of 0.1 and 1 mM salicylic acid increased shoot essential oil perecentage in comparison to no consumption 16.45% and 32.91% and leaf oil perecentage in comparison to control 2.54% and 29.66%, respectively. With increasing the putrescine, yield per unit area, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and leaf essential oil perecentage were increased. Applying of 1mM putrescine increased the amount of anthocyanin and leaf essential oil perecentage in comparison to control 33.91% and 21.36%, respectively. In addition to, the interaction effect of two studied factors on fresh yield per unit area, chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, soluble solids and interaction effect of three factors on dry yield per unit, careatotal and soluble solids were significant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil
  • growth regulators
  • Medicinal plant
  • polyamin
  • Salicylic Acid
  • vegetative traits

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 تیر 1394

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