نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
2 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
3 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج
4 دانشیار، پژوهشکدۀ گیاهان و مواد اولیۀ دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران
چکیده
سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L.) یکی از گیاهان دارویی با ارزش از خانوادۀ کاسنی (Asteraceae) است که توانسته در دو دهة اخیر جایگاه مهمی در صنایع داروسازی پیدا کند. اندامهای مختلف گیاه بهویژه ریشههای آن حاوی ترکیب‌های دارویی ارزشمندی است که در تحریک سامانة ایمنی بدن برای مقابله با عامل‌های ویروسی و باکتریایی اثرگذاری‌های شگرفی دارد. با توجه به ارزش اقتصادی شایان توجه و اهمیت دارویی سرخارگل، اصلاح و گزینش ژنوتیپهای برتر از لحاظ ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناختی (مورفولوژیک) و فیتوشیمیایی اهمیت بسزایی دارد. بهمنظور دستیابی به این هدف، این تحقیق بر پایۀ گزینش ژنوتیپهای برتر و ارزیابی نتاج آن‌ها در یک جمعیت دارای تنوع، طراحی و اجرا شد. بدین ترتیب پس از آمادهسازی زمین، تیمار پیشرویشی بذرها و تولید نشاء گونۀ یادشده بر پایۀ طرح آزمایشی لاتیس ساده با دو تکرار کشت‌شده و مراحل فنولوژی و عملکرد زراعی آن‌ها شامل اندامهای هوایی و یازده ویژگی دیگر بررسی شد. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس دادهها نشان داد که خانوادههای خواهر- برادر ناتنی (تیمار) تفاوت معنیداری بر پایۀ همۀ ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی مانند سطح برگ، آغاز گلدهی، شمار غنچه، شمار گل، ارتفاع، قطر گل، وزن تر و وزن خشک در سطح 1 درصد داشتند. با توجه به نتایج، خانوادههای با شماره‌های 93، 72، 92 و 97 در ویژگی‌هایی مانند سطح برگ، شمار غنچه، شمار گل، ارتفاع، قطر گیاه، شمار انشعاب از قاعده و وزن خشک نسبت به دیگر خانوادهها برتر بودند که با توجه به ترکیبپذیری عمومی شایان‌توجه آن‌ها، ترکیب بذرهای والدینی آن‌ها برای تشکیل جمعیت بهبودیافتۀ بعدی میتواند سودمند واقع شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Analysis of morphological variation and general combining ability in half sib families of Echinacea purpurea L.
نویسندگان [English]
- Alireza Yavari 1
- Majid Shokrpour 2
- Leila Tabrizi 3
- Javad Hadian 4
1 Former Ph.D. Student, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Echinacea purpurea L., known collectively as a medicinal species of Asteraceae family, is a perennial herb found in eastern and central United States and southern Canada. Whole parts of the plants, especially their roots contain valuable compounds which are as an immune system booster and blood purifier. Due to Echinacea purpurea L. economical and medical valus, breeding and selection of the superior genotypes for morphological and phytochemical characters is important. To achive the aims, this study were designed to select the best genotypes bassed on evaluation of their progenies in a diverse population. Thus, after land preparation, treated seeds and seedlings of the species were sown on the basis of a simple lattice design with two replications and their phenological stages as well as crop yield and 12 different characters were studied. Analysis of variance of the collected data revealed that the half-sib families were significantly different (p>0.01) based on the studied characters such as leaf area, flowering commencement, bud number, flower number, plant height, flower diameter, plant fresh and dried weight. According to the results, based on the means and GCA of the studied traits such as leaf area, number of buds and flowers, plant height, plant diameter, the number of branches from the base and dried weight, families of the 93, 72, 92 and 97 were the best, for which by combining their parent seeds to form the next improved population might be optimistic.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Echinacea purpurea
- Half sib
- Morphological variation
- Analysis of Variance
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