بررسی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی اسیدهای چرب بوم‌جور‌های نسترن وحشی در استان اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)

2 استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)

چکیده

نسترن وحشی (Rosa canina L.) از گونه‌های بومی ایران است که تنوع ژنتیکی شایان‌توجهی در بوم‌جور (اکوتیپ‌)های موجود در کشور دارد. این بررسی به‌منظور مقایسۀ میزان و نوع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و اشباع موجود در بوم‌جور‌های نسترن وحشی پنج منطقۀ استان اصفهان در سال 1394-1393 صورت گرفت. استخراج روغن از بذر‌ها با دستگاه سوکسله و تجزیۀ اسیدهای چرب با دستگاه فام‌نگاری (کروماتوگرافی) گازی (GC) در آزمایشگاه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان) انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین و کمترین درصد روغن به‌ترتیب از بوم‌جور‌های میان‌کیش (43/11%) و آغچه (89/7%) به‌دست آمد. از بین اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع، بیشترین میزان اسید لینولئیک، لینولنیک، اولئیک، پالمیتولئیک و آراشیدونیک به‌ترتیب از بوم‌جور‌های کپه‌جمشید (00/55%)، زرنه (38/28%)، صادقیه (58/22%)، آغچه (22/0%) و زرنه (12/0%) به­دست آمد. کمترین میزان اسیدهای چرب اشباع پالمیتیک (69/3%) و استئاریک (77/1%) در بوم‌جور صادقیه مشاهده شد. بوم‌جور‌های کپه‌جمشید، زرنه و صادقیه کمترین میزان اسید چرب اشباع میریستیک را داشتند. همچنین بیشترین و کمترین میزان مجموع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع به­ترتیب از بوم‌جور‌های صادقیه (87/93%) و آغچه (51/91%) به‌دست آمد. روغن بذرهای بوم‌جور‌های نسترن‌های وحشی در مناطق موردبررسی با داشتن درصد بالای اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و همچنین نسبت مناسب امگا-6 به امگا-3، ازنظر ویژگی‌های تغذیه‌ای و دارویی منحصربه‌فرد هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of quantitative and qualitative traits of fatty acids in dog rose (Rosa canina L.) ecotypes from Isfahan region of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Milad Javanmard 1
  • Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Dog Rose (Rosa canina L.) is a wild native species in Iran, with a significant genetic diversity. The purpose of this research was to study quantitative and qualitative characteristics of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids dog rose ecotypes in five habitats of Isfahan province in 2014-2015. Oil was extracted from seeds by using soxhlet apparatus; the fatty acid composition of oil was characterized and quantified using gas chromatography (GC) in the laboratory of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. According to the results, the highest and the lowest oil percentage were observed in ecotypes from Miyankish-kashan (11.43%) and Aghcheh-Buin va Miyandasht (7.89%), respectively. The highest amount of unsaturated acids including linoleic, linolenic, oleic, palmitoleic and arachidonic acid were obtained in Kopehjamshid-Tiran (55.00%), Zarneh-Buin va Miyandasht (28.38%), Sadeghiyeh-Fereydonshahr (22.58%), Aghcheh-Buin va Miyandasht (0.22%) and Zarneh-Buin va Miyandasht (0.12%), respectively. Sadeghiyeh-Fereydonshahr had the lowest amounts of saturated acids of palmitic (3.69%) and stearic acids (1.77%), respectively. The ecotypes from Kopehjamshid-Tiran, Zarneh-Buin va Miyandasht, and Sadeghiyeh-Fereydonshahr had the lowest amount of myristic acid. Seed fatty acid analysis showed the minimum amount of total unsaturated fatty acids in Sadeghiyeh- Fereydonshahr (93.87%) and its minimum in Aghcheh-Buin va Miyandasht (91.51%), respectively. In this research, seed oil of Dog rose ecotypes from the studied habitats have unique nutritional characteristics and medicinal properties due to a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids and an appropriate omega-6 to omega-3 ratio.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • dog rose (Rosa canina L.)
  • Ecotype
  • gas chromatography (GC)
  • saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
  • seed
  • soxhlet

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 بهمن 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 اردیبهشت 1395

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