تأثیر باردهی و تغییر قندهای محلول و نشاسته در ساقه، جوانه و برگ بر بافت‌مردگی جوانۀ اولیۀ انگور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

بافت‌مردگی جوانۀ (Bud necrosis) یک ناهنجاری فیزیولوژیک در انگور است که منجر به مرگ جوانه­های بارور شده و عملکرد کاهش می­یابد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی تغییر میزان قندهای محلول و نشاسته و ارتباط آن با بروز بافت­مردگی جوانۀ اولیه در انگور عسکری بود. آزمایش در تاکستانی با سن پانزده سال و نظام تربیت پاچراغی و فاصلۀ کاشت  5/2 × 3 متر، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1387- 1386، اجرا شد. عامل اول شامل تیمار میوه­دار و بدون میوه، عامل دوم نوع اندام گیاهی در سه سطح (جوانه، برگ و ساقه) و عامل سوم زمان نمونه‌برداری در ده سطح (40 روز تا 130 روز) بود. نتایج نشان داد که نخستین نشانۀ ناهنجاری در60 روز پس از شکفتن جوانه­ها آغاز و تا آخر فصل رشد ادامه داشت. همچنین غلظت قندهای محلول در اوایل فصل رشد، افزایش و سپس کاهش یافت، ولی نشاسته در همۀ اندام­ها به‌ویژه در جوانه افزایش یافت. غلظت قندهای محلول و نشاسته در تاک­های میوه­دار نسبت به بدون میوه بیشتر بود. در هر دو بوتۀ میوه­­­دار و بدون میوه با گذشت زمان، میزان ذخیرۀ نشاسته در همۀ اندام­ها افزایش داشت. همبستگی منفی قندهای محلول و نشاسته با درصد بافت­مردگی جوانۀ اولیه در تاک­های بدون میوه نسبت به میوه­دار مشاهده شد. به‌عبارت‌دیگر، نقش قندهای محلول و میزان ذخیرۀ نشاسته در جوانه بر بروز ناهنجاری بافت‌مردگی جوانه در انگور رقم عسکری اثبات شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of friutfulness and soluble suger and starch changes in stem, bud and leaf on primary bud necrosis in grapevine

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bijan Kavoosi 1
  • Saeid Eshghi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Fars Agricultural Research and Natural Resource and education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Primary bud necrosis (PBN) in grapevine is a physiological disorder that leads to death of fruitful buds and yield loss. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in soluble sugars and starch and their relationship to the incidence of the primary bud necrosis in Askari grapevine. Experiment was conducted in a vineyard that the vines were 15 years old, with a head system, vines spaced 2.5×3 m, as factorial in randomized completely block design with three replications during 2008. The first factor including to fruiting and de-fruited, the second factor 3 level of organ types (Bud, Leaf and Stem) and the third factor with 10 level of sampling date (40 to 130 days after bud break (DAB)).The results showed that the first symptom of PBN disorder began at the 60 DAB and continued to end of growing season. Also the concentration of soluble sugars increased in the early season and then it decreased, but the amount of starch in all organs, especially in bud increased. The concentration of soluble sugars and starch in fruited vine was more than the de-fruited vine. In both fruiting and de-fruited vines, when season ahead, the amount of storage starch was increased in all organs. A negative correlation of soluble sugar and starch with PBN percentage in the fruiting and de-fruited vines were observed. In other word, the role of soluble sugars and starch stored in the bud, on the incidence of PBN in Askari grapevine was confirmed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Askari grape
  • de-fruited
  • Disorder
  • fruiting
  • vineyard

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 فروردین 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اردیبهشت 1394

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