بررسی سازگاری گردۀ برخی از رقم‌ها و ژنوتیپ‌های امیدبخش انتخابی بادام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد تهران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر

3 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد تهران

4 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات باغبانی، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیۀ نهال و بذر کرج

چکیده

بادام  (Prunus dulcis L.) یکی از مهم‌ترین گونه­های جنس پرونوس است که بیشتر رقم‌ها و نژادگان­های آن خودناسازگار و برخی نیز دگر ناسازگارند. هرچند امروزه رقم‌های خودسازگار ایجادشده از طریق بهنژادی در دسترس است. بنابراین رقم‌های خودناسازگار برای گرده­افشانی، تلقیح و تولید نیازمند دانۀ ­گردۀ سازگار دیگر رقم‌ها هستند. در این راستا بررسی سازگاری گرده‌افشانی سه رقم تونو، شکوفه، سهند و پنج نژادگان امیدبخش انتخابی A1.16، A9.7، A8.39، A10.11،  A230 با استفاده از روش گرده‌افشانی ­کنترل‌شده انجام شد. ترکیب‌های تلاقی­ها بر پایۀ همپوشانی گلدهی در سه گروه انجام شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که ترکیب تلاقی × A9.7تونو (با 52/60 درصد تشکیل میوه)، A9.7 × A10.11 (با 20/79 درصد تشکیل میوه) و سهند × شکوفه ( با 25/77 درصد تشکیل میوه) بالاترین درصد تشکیل میوه و بیشترین سازگاری در تلاقی­های به‌کاررفته در گروه­های مختلف را داشتند. همچنین ترکیب­ تلاقی­های × A230تونو (با 45/42 درصد تشکیل میوه) و سهند × تونو (با 52/39 درصد تشکیل میوه) 50 درصد ناسازگاری نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of pollen compatibility relationships among some selected promising almond cultivars and genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Fallah 1
  • Mousa Rasouli 2
  • Yavar Sharafi 3
  • Ali Imani 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture and Landscape engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Horticultural Departments of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Almond is one of the most important Prunus species. Most almond cultivars and genotypes are self-incompatible and some others are cross-incompatible. However, recently self-incompatible cultivars developed by breeding are available. Therefore self-incompatible cultivars for pollination, fertilization and production require compatible pollen of other cultivars. In this regard the study of pollen and pistil compatibility of the three cultivars of ‘Tuono’, ‘Shokofeh’, ‘Sahand’ and promising five selected genotypes of A1.16, A9.7, A8.39, A10.11 and A230 was made using method controlled pollination and determined the fruit set percentage in the field. Crosses were performed based on flowering overlap among the three groups. Results showed that crosses of Tuono × A9.7 (60.52 % fruit set), A9.7 × A10.11 (79.20% fruit set) and Shokofeh × Sahand (77.52 % fruit set) had the highest of fruit set percentage and maximum compatibility on crosses were used in mentioned groups. Furthermore crosses of Tuono × A230 (42.45 % fruit set) and Tuono × Sahand(39.52 % fruit set) showed 50 percent incompatibility.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • almond
  • Compatibility
  • controlled pollination
  • fruit set
  • pollinizer

مراجع

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 فروردین 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 فروردین 1394

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