تأثیر بسترهای کشت و همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه‌های آربوسکولار بر رشد و استقرار پایه‌های سیب ریزازدیادی‌شده MM106

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

ریزازدیادی یکی از روش‌های رایج افزایش کلون‌های سیب است. اما بقاء کم و رشد ضعیف این گیاهان پس از انتقال، استفادۀ گسترده از این روش را محدود می‌کند. میزان موفقیت این روش می‌تواند با استفاده از عامل‌های زیستی مانند همزیستی با قارچ­ریشۀ آربوسکولار افزایش یابد. در این پژوهش تأثیر همزیستی قارچ­ریشه و نوع بستر کشت بر رشد، استقرار بهتر پایه‌های سیب MM106 و کاهش تلفات گیاهان ریزازدیادی‌شده در مرحلۀ سازگاری بررسی شد. این پژوهش در شرایط گلخانه به­صورت فاکتوریل با دو عامل قارچ­ریشه در چهار سطح (Glomus inrtraradices، Glomus mosseae، G .mosseae + G. intraradices و شاهد) و بستر کشت در سه سطح (پیت‌ماس، پرلیت و مخلوطی از هر دو) در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد. پس از پانزده هفته برخی ویژگی‌ها ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که همزیستی با قارچ‌ریشه و به‌ویژه گونۀ  Glomus inrtraradic ارتفاع، شمار برگ، وزن‌ تر و خشک ‌ریشه، سبزینگی و عناصر فسفر، روی و آهن را افزایش داد. به‌طوری‌که ارتفاع و وزن تر ریشه در گیاهان تلقیح‌شده با Glomus inrtraradices به ترتیب 63/1 و 91/1 برابر نسبت به گیاهان شاهد افزایش داشت و نیز بیشترین میزان ویژگی‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده (به‌جز سطح برگ) در همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه و بستر پیت‌‌ماس مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi symbiosis and culture media on establishment and growth of micropropagated MM106 apple rootstock

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jila Mohamadi 1
  • Lotfali Naseri 2
  • Mohsen Barin 3
1 Student
2
3
چکیده [English]

Tissue culture is one of the common methods for propagation of apple clones. However, low survival and poor growth of these plants, after transplanting, limit the widespread use of this technique. The success rate of this method can be increased by using bioagents such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In this study, effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and culture media on growth and establishment were studied in acclimatization stage of micropropagated MM106 plants. This study was carried out in greenhouse conditions as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete design (RCD) with two factors including four levels of mycorrhiza species (Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae, Glomus intradices + Glomus mosseae and control) and three levels of substrates (peat moss, perlite, peat moss + perlit) with four replications. After 15 weeks, some characteristics were measured. Results showed that symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi specially Glomus intraradices could increase plant height, leaf number, roots dry and fresh weight, leaf chlorophyll, Phosphorus, Iron and Zinc levels. Height and fresh weight of roots were increased (1.63 and 1.91 times, respectively) in inoculated plants with Glomus intraradices compared to control. Also, the heightest amount of measured characteristics (except leaf area) was obtained in inoculated plants with AMF and peat moss substrate.

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 دی 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 اسفند 1393

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