ارزیابی تأثیر قارچ‌ریشة آرباسکولار و باکتری‌های محرک رشد در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی بر عملکرد گیاه زینتی استئوسپرموم (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشگاه تهران، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، تخصص: فیزیولوژی گل و گیاهان زینتی/ تغذیه گیاهی/ کشت بافت/ بسترهای کشت/ گیاهان زینتی باغچه ای و گلخانه ای/ شمعدانی/ جعفری/ ارکیده/ لیلیوم

2 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانش آموخته سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، بخش بیولوژی خاک، کرج، ایران

چکیده

در این بررسی مشخص شد که قارچ‌ریشة (میکوریز) آربسکولار گونة Glomus mossea CA همزیستی بهتری با گیاه زینتی استئوسپرموم (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’) در مقایسه با گونه­های دیگر این قارچ دارد. در این پژوهش تأثیر این‌گونه از قارچ‌ریشة آربسکولار و باکتری­های محرک رشد به تنهایی و یا در ترکیب، در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی بر میزان استقرار (کلون‌سازی) در ریشه و شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی رشد و میزان فسفر در بافت گیاه بررسی شد. آزمایش در شرایط گلخانه‌ای به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در طی دو سال انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد گیاهان تلقیح‌شده با قارچ‌ریشه رشد بیشتری در مقایسه با گیاهان تلقیح نشده داشتند. بنابر نتایج، این ریزموجود تنها در سطح آبیاری70درصد ظرفیت زراعی قادر به بهبود این شاخص‌ها در گیاه بود و در سطوح آبیاری 40درصد ظرفیت زراعی هرچند که استئوسپرموم توانست به رشد خود ادامه دهد اما بهره‌گیری از این ریزموجود نقش مؤثری در بهبود رشد گیاه نداشت. همچنین تأثیر هم‌افزایی بین قارچ و باکتری‌های محرک رشد مشاهده شد بنابراین به‌کارگیری قارچ‌ریشه و باکتری‌های محرک رشد و استفاده از سطح بهینة آبیاری،‌ می‌تواند در بهبود شاخص‌های رشد گیاه استئوسپرموم سودمند باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under drought stress on growth of ornamental osteospermum (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi 1
  • Mohammadreza Taheri 2
  • Forough Zafar-Farrokhi 3
  • Farhad Rejali 4
1
2 Asist. Prof. Dep. of Horticulture Sciences, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Former MSc., Dep. of Horticulture Sciences, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Asist. Prof. Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus mossea CA) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) of Bacillus pantea and Psedomonas putida were evaluated on growth parameters of Osteospermum (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’) under different watering conditions (field capacity, two and one third of field capacity). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) and PGPR were applied as single or mixed. A factorial trial based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications per treatment and 4 replicates was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Root colonization, growth parameters and P concentration in plant was measured. Results showed that PGPR and mycorrhizal inoculated plants had better nutritional conditions than that of non-inoculated plants. Moreover, there was a synergetic effect between AMF and PGPR in this study. PGPR were as much effective as AMF on alleviating the negative impacts of drought stress. According to the results, applied microorganisms were more effective on improving the growth parameters at 70% of field capacity, while at 40% of field capacity; their effective role was reduced, although the plants were persistent, yet. Results revealed exploitation of AMF and PGPR and administering an optimized irrigation regime can be effective on improving yield of this plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Field capacity
  • Irrigation
  • microorganism
  • Root colonization
  • Symbiosis

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 شهریور 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 دی 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 اسفند 1393

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