بررسی تأثیر تاریخ انتقال نشاء و سوخچه بر زودرسی و برخی از صفات جمعیت‌های پیاز در استان خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ انتقال نشاء و سوخچه بر زودرس کردن جمعیت­های پیاز این آزمایش به مدت یک سال زراعی (93-1392) در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان در استان خوزستان و کشتزارهای شهرستان باغ­ملک انجام گرفت. این پژوهش به­صورت آزمایش اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شامل نوع افزونه1: نشاء و سوخچه و چهار جمعیت شامل پیاز اصلاح‌شدۀ بهبهان، تودۀ محلی رامهرمز، رقم‌های پریماورا و تگزاس ارلی­گرانو و سه تاریخ انتقال اول و پانزده مهر و اول آبان به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. به‌منظور تولید سوخچه، بذرها در اوایل فروردین‌ماه با تراکم 12-10 گرم در کرت­هایی به ابعاد 1 مترمربع در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان کشت شدند. برای تولید نشاء، بذرها در تاریخ­های اول و پانزدهم مرداد و اول شهریور در شهرستان باغ‌ملک در خزانه کشت شدند. رقم پری ماورا در افزایش با هر دو افزونه بیشترین عملکرد کل و قابل‌فروش را تولید کرد. عملکرد کل و قابل­فروش در افزایش با سوخچه از افزایش با نشاء در سطح معنی‌دار 1درصد بیشتر بود. با به تأخیر افتادن تاریخ انتقال از اول مهرماه، درصد زودبالغی (بولتینگ) و دوقلویی سوخ کاهش ولی عملکرد قابل‌فروش سوخ افزایش یافت. بنا بر نتایج این بررسی برای زودرس کردن پیاز در استان خوزستان کاشت سوخچه­های رقم پریماورا در تاریخ انتقال پانزدهم مهر با عملکرد قابل­فروش 34/46 تن در هکتار توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of transplanting date of onion set and transplant on earliness and some characteristics of onion populations in Khuzestan province

نویسنده [English]

  • Abdolsattar Darabi
Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Research Improvement Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center , AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of transplanting date of onion set and transplant on earliness of onionpopulationsin Khuzestan province at Behbahan Agriculture Research Station in Khuzestan province and farm of Baghe-e- malek region within one year (2013-14). Experiment was performed in split factorial based on RCBD with three replications. Main plot consisted of propagule types: transplant and onion set. Sub plot consisted of combination of three transplanting dates (23th September, 7th and 23th October) and four population (Behbahan bred onion, Ramhormoz landrace, Primavra and Texas­ early grano cultivars). In order to produce sets, 10-12 grams seeds (of each population) were sown per square meter at Behbahan Agriculture Research Station in late February. For transplants production, seeds were sown in nursery in Baghe-e- melek region on 23th July, 6th and 23th August. Primavera cultivar produced the highest total and marketable yield by both propagules. The total and marketable yield of onion set propagule was higher than transplant propagule at 1% probability level. By postponing transplanting date, from 23th September, bolted plants and double bulbs decreased, but marketable yield increased. According to results, for early production of onion in Khuzestan province planting, Primavera onion set in transplanting date of October 7, with marketable yield of 46.34 t ha-1, is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bolting
  • double bulb
  • marketable yield
  • total yield

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اسفند 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 اسفند 1393

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