بررسی تحمل سرما در چند رقم انگور و ارتباط آن با بافت‌مردگی جوانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی میزان تحمل سرما در جوانه­های انگور­ آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 80 تیمار و 3 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل 4 رقم (ریش­بابا، سیاه شیراز، عسکری و بواناتی)، 4 تاریخ نمونه­برداری (15آذر، 15دی، 15بهمن و 15اسفند سال­های 1389 و 1390) و 5 دما (5+، 7-، 15- ، 22- و30- درجۀ سلسیوس) بود. از قلمه‌های تک­گرۀ این رقم‌ها استفاده شد و ویژگی­های درصد مرگ جوانه­های اولین، دومین و سومین میزان نشت­یونی و LT10، LT50 و LT90 (دماهای کنترل‌شدۀ زیر 0 که باعث مرگ 10درصد، 50درصد و90درصد جوانه­ها می­شود) اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که با کاهش دما به زیر 0 درجۀ سلسیوس، درصد بروز مرگ جوانۀ اولین افزایش یافت. بیش­ترین مرگ جوانه در رقم سیاه شیراز مشاهده شد. جوانه­های خفتۀ رقم سیاه شیراز و عسکری در اثر تیمار دمای پایین بیش­ترین و رقم ریش­بابا و بواناتی کم­ترین آسیب را دیدند. کم­ترین و بیش­ترین LT50 در 15 آذر به ترتیب در رقم سیاه­ شیراز (4/14-) و بواناتی (2/16-) و در 15 اسفند به ترتیب در رقم سیاه شیراز (1/10-) و ریش‌بابا (8/12-) مشاهده گردید. در جمع، رقم­های ریش­بابا و بواناتی از تحمل بیشتری و  رقم­های سیاه ­شیراز و عسکری تحمل کمتری به سرما داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Cold-hardiness in some Grapevine cultivars and its Relation to Bud Necrosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saied Eshghi 1
  • Moslem Kiamarsi 2
1
2
چکیده [English]

This research was carried out to investigate the cold-hardiness of grapevine buds in a factorial experiment base on completely randomized design (CRD) with 80 treatments and three replications. Treatments included four cultivars (Rish-Baba, Siyah-e-Shiraz, Askari and Bavanati), four sampling dates (6th Dec, 5th Jan, 4th Feb and 6th Mar 2009 and 2010) and low temperature levels (+5, -7, -15, -22 and -30°C). Results indicated that with the decrease of temperature, incidence of bud necrosis increased. Dormant buds of Siyah-e-Shiraz and Askari were most injured by low temperature, whereas, the rate of injury was lower in cvs Rish-Baba and Bavanati cultivars. The lowest and highest LT50 were observed on 6th December in Siyah-e-Shiraz (-14.4°C) and Bavanati (-16.2°C) and Rish-Baba on 6th March in Siyah-e-Shiraz (-10.1°C) and Rish-Baba (-12.8°C), respectively. In general, Rish-Baba and Bavanati were the most tolerant and Siyah-e-Shiraz and Askari were the most susceptible grape cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • bud necrosis
  • electrolyte leakage
  • Grapevine
  • Low temperature

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 بهمن 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 آبان 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 آذر 1393

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