تأثیر کاربرد کود زیستی، نیتروژن و آزوکمپوست بر عملکرد اسانس و اجزای اسانس بادرشبی (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 استاد، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرعی، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات جنگل‏ها و مراتع کشور

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

به‏منظور ارزیابی تأثیر کود‏های بیولوژیک، آزوکمپوست و نیتروژن بر عملکرد اسانس و اجزای اسانس بادرشبی (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) آزمایشی به‏صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‏‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1388‌ـ 1389 در دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس (منطقۀ 1) و در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی استان آذربایجان غربی (منطقۀ 2) اجرا شد. تیمار‏های آزمایشی شامل دو ژنوتیپ ( :G1جمعیت بومی و :G2 رقم (SZK-1، دو سطح باکتری (:B1تلقیح بذر با باکتری‏های ازتوباکتر + آزوسپیریلوم + سودوموناس و :B2عدم تلقیح) و پنج رژیم کودی (F1: 152 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار، F2: 114 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار + 85/3 تن در هکتار آزوکمپوست، F3: 76 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار + 77/7 تن در هکتار آزوکمپوست،F4 : 38 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار + 55/11 تن در هکتار آزوکمپوست و F5: 55/15 تن در هکتار) بودند. تیمار F3 در هر دو منطقه و در هر دو ژنوتیپ بیشترین مقدار و درصد ژرانیول و ژرانیال را تولید کردند. کاربرد تیمار تلفیقی 50 درصد کود اوره + 50 درصد آزوکمپوست در حالت تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با باکتری با کاهش مصرف نیتروژن، افزایش عملکرد و اجزای اسانس در جمعیت بومی بادرشبی می‏تواند جایگزینی مناسب برای کودهای شیمیایی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of biofertilizer, azocompost and nitrogen on oil yield and essential oil content of Dracocephalum moldavica L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Yousefzadeh 1
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy 2
  • Fatemeh Sefidkon 3
  • Mehdi Ghiasy Oskuee 4
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
4 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

To determine the effects of biofertilizers, nitrogen and azocompost on oil yield and essential oil content of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), a field experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete blocks design with 20 treatments and 3 replications. This study was performed at two locations during 2009-2010 on field in Tarbiat Modares University, and at the Khoy Agricultural Research Center. Treatments were consisted of two genotypes (landrace and SZK-1 cultivars), two seed inoculation (either (B1) with or without (B2) bacterial inoculation with Azotobacter + Azosprillum + pseudomonas) and five fertilization regimes (152 kg urea per hectare, F2: 114 kg urea per hectare + 85/3 tones azocompost per hectare, F3: 76 kg urea per hectare + 77/7 tones azocompost per hectare, F4: 38 kg urea per hectare + 55/11 tons azocompost per hectare and F5: 55/15 tons azocompost per hectare). F3 treatment had the highest geraniol and zhenya when genotypes were inoculated with bacterial in both regions and genotypes. Integrated treatment with 50% urea + 50% azocompost with or without bacterial inoculation in land race population, improved performance of yield and essential oil components by reducing the amount of chemical nitrogen, which could be a substitute to chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • bacterial inoculation
  • Cultivar
  • geraniol and zhenya

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 اردیبهشت 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 تیر 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 شهریور 1393

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