تنوع مورفولوژیک تمشک‏های سیاه در مناطقی از استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار، کارشناس ارشد و دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی، گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

تمشک سیاه به‌دلیل وجود جمعیت‌های وحشی و طبیعی آن در سراسر کشور به‌خصوص در منطقۀ شمال از تنوع برخوردار است اما به‌جز مواردی محدود توجه جدی به آن نشده است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی توده‌های وحشی تمشک سیاه در مناطقی از مازندران صورت پذیرفت. ابتدا مناطق و سپس توده‌های تمشک موجود شناسایی و بر‌اساس توصیفگر تمشک صفات برگ، شاخه، خار، گل و صفات کمّی و کیفی میوه نمونه‌های تمشک سیاه در سه تکرار ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد همبستگی منفی و معناداری بین میزان خسارت ظاهری آفات و بیماری‌ها در بوته با تعداد خار، جهت خار، سطح مقطع تنه و نوع برگچۀ انتهایی بوته‌ها وجود دارد. براساس نتایج تجزیه به عامل‌ها چهار عامل اصلی صفات خار، کمّیت میوه، عادت رشد بوته و گلدهی بیش از 95 درصد از واریانس کل را توصیف کردند. صفات مرتبط با خار شامل اندازه و جهت خار، کرکدار‌بودن شاخه و سطح مقطع شاخه، اندازۀ میوه و اندازۀ گل 50 درصد واریانس کل را شامل می‌شدند. بنا بر نتایج تجزیۀ خوشه‌ای نمونه‌ها در حد تفاوت 100 درصد به دو دسته تقسیم شدند. نمونه‌های مربوط به منطقۀ قائم‌شهر با وجود قرار‌داشتن در یک منطقه با یکدیگر تفاوت نشان دادند و در دسته‌های جداگانه قرار گرفتند که مؤید وجود تنوع در بین ژنوتیپ‌های استفاده‌شدۀ افراد محلی برای تمشک‌چینی است. در دستۀ دوم تفکیک نمونه‌ها با منشأ جغرافیایی آن‌ها مطابقت داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Morphological diversity of blackberries in some regions in Mazandaran province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Hadadinejad
  • Somayeh QasemiOmran
  • Fatemeh Azimi Ahangari
Assistance Professor, Master of Science and Former B.Sc. Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Blackberry diversity is high in Iran due to its wild and natural populations especially in south of Caspian Sea. However it has not been investigated before. The goal of this work was to evaluate some wild populations of black berry in Mazandaran province of Iran. At first, region and then location of blackberries plants identified and the traits of leaf, stem, spin, flower, fruit quantity and quality evaluated based on blackberry descriptor via three replications. Results showed that, there was negative significant correlation between the symptoms of pest and diseases with spin number and direction, cross section of stem and terminal leaflet type. Based on the results, four main factor included spin, fruit quantity, plant growth habit and flowering traits explained more than 95% of observed variance. Spin related traits including spin size and direction, hairiness of shoot, stem cross section and fruit and flower size, explained 50% of total variance. Results of cluster analysis divided genotypes into two groups with 100% difference. The Qaemshahr genotypes distanced from each other and located in separated groups whereas belonged to one region. This indicated the variation in genotypes that is used by blackberry local harvesters. In the second group the genotypes separated from each other based on their geographical origin
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • factor analysis
  • Cluster Analysis
  • thorn
  • Region

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 دی 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 دی 1393

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