بررسی اثر پیش‌تیمار پوتریسین و سایکوسل بر میزان موفقیت تکنیک نجات جنین در تلاقی‏های دای‌آلل ارقام بی‌دانۀ انگور فلیم‌‌سیدلس، پرلت و یاقوتی

عالی فر, مصطفی; عبادی, علی; فتاحی مقدم, محمدرضا

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2015.54614

بررسی اثر پیش‌تیمار پوتریسین و سایکوسل بر میزان موفقیت تکنیک نجات جنین در تلاقی‏های دای‌آلل ارقام بی‌دانۀ انگور فلیم‌‌سیدلس، پرلت و یاقوتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، استاد و دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

10.22059/ijhs.2015.54614

چکیده

انگورهای بی‌دانه به‌طور گسترده در سراسر جهان کشت می‏شوند. استفاده از تکنیک نجات جنین در برنامه‏های به‌نژادی انگورهای بی‌دانه، توانسته است بر مشکلات حاصل از روش‏های به‌نژادی سنتی غلبه کند. از‌آنجا‌که کارایی این تکنیک در سطح مطلوب نیست بنابراین، تلاش‏های زیادی در جهات مختلف به‌منظور ارتقا و بهبود این تکنیک توسط پژوهشگران انجام گرفته است.این پژوهش به‌صورت دو آزمایش جداگانه انجام گرفت و در هر دو آزمایش از سه رقم یاقوتی، فلیم‌سیدلس و پرلت به‌منزلۀ والدین مادری و پدری استفاده شد. خوشه‏ها در زمان دو هفته قبل از شکوفایی با غلظت‏های مختلف سایکوسل و پوتریسین محلول‌پاشی شدند. تخمک‏ها 45 روز پس از گرده‌افشانی از حبه‏ها‏ خارج و در محیط کشت NN تکمیل‌شده با 3 درصد ساکارز، 2/0 درصد زغال فعال و 6/0 درصد آگار کشت شدند. پس از گذشت 10 هفته، جنین‏ها از تخمک‏ها خارج و به محیط کشت MS تکمیل‌شده با 5/2 درصد ساکارز، 2/0 درصد زغال فعال و 7/0 درصد آگار منتقل شدند. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که نوع ژنوتیپ والد مادری و پدری و نیز استفاده از پیش‌تیمار پوتریسین و سایکوسل تأثیر مثبت و معنا‏داری بر درصد تکامل آندوسپرم، رشد و جوانه‏زنی جنین‏ها و درصد گیاهچه‏های تولیدی داشت. استفاده از رقم پرلت به‌منزلۀ والد مادری و رقم یاقوتی به‌منزلۀ والد پدری و پیش‌تیمارهای سایکوسل و پوتریسین به‌ترتیب با غلظت 100 و 30 میلی‏گرم در لیتر سبب افزایش درصد صفات مورد بررسی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of putrescine and chlormequat pre-flowering treatment on embryo rescue technique success in diallele crosses of grape cultivars Flame Seedless, perlette and Yaghooti

نویسندگان [English]

Mostafa Alifar
Ali Ebadi
Mohamad Reza Fatahi Mogadam

. Former Graduate Student, Professor and Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj

چکیده [English]

Seedless grapes are widely grown all over the world. Embryo rescue technique proved to be able to overcome the problem of embryo abortion in seedless grape breeding program. Since, the efficiency of this technique is not desirable, so a lot of efforts have been done in different directions in order to improve this technique. This study was conducted in two separate experiments in which chlormequat and putrescine were employed in different experiments. Cultivars of Yaghooti, Flame Seedless and Perlette were used as both female and male parents in both experiments. Clusters sprayed with different concentrations of chlormequat and putrescine 14 days before blooming. Ovules were excised from berries 45 days after pollination and cultured in NN medium supplemented with 3.0% sucrose, 0.2% activated charcoal and 6% agar. Embryos were removed from the ovules after 10 weeks and transferred onto MS medium supplemented with 2.0% sucrose, 0.2% activated charcoal and 6.5% agar. The results showed maternal and paternal genotypes, pre-treatment with chlormequat and putrescine had positive and significant effect on endosperm and embryos development, embryos germination and plant production. The use of cv. Perlette as female parent, cv. Yaghooti as male parent and pre-treatment with chlormequat and putrescine at 100 and 30 mg/L increased the percentage of measured traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Ovule
Medium
endosperm and embryo

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