اثر سیستم‌های تربیت و سطوح هرس بر عملکرد و کیفیت کیوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی‏ارشد و استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس بوشهر

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

باردهی مداوم و تولید میوه‌های باکیفیت در کیوی، مستلزم تربیت صحیح اولیه و هرس سالیانۀ منظم است. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سه نوع سیستم تربیت شامل تی‌بار (T-bar) به‌منزلۀ سیستم تربیت رایج، تی- وای تغییریافته (MTY) و وای شکل (Y)، و دو سطح شدت هرس (60 و 80 جوانه به‌ازای هر درخت) بر عملکرد و کیفیت میوۀ کیوی رقم هایوارد انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1391 انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان عملکرد هر تاک در تیمار Y80 و بیشترین میزان سفتی بافت میوه، TSS و TSS/TA در تیمار Y60 مشاهده شد. کمترین درصد مادۀ خشک میوه مربوط به تیمار MTY60 و ویتامین c میوه به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای Y60، Y80 و MTY60 بیشترین میزان بود. بیشترین میزان فنل‌ کل در تیمارهای Y60 و MTY60 و بیشترین کلروفیل‌ کل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصارۀ میوه‌ها در تیمار Y60 مشاهده شد. بر‌اساس نتایج این پژوهش، سیستم تربیت Y و سطح هرس 60 جوانه‌ای به‌ازای هر تاک، به‌ترتیب سبب افزایش عملکرد و کیفیت میوۀ کیوی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of training system and pruning severity on the yield and fruit quality characteristics of kiwifruit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahtab Mmoradiedigehsara 1
  • Abdolali Hesami 1
  • Mahmood Ghasemnezhad 2
1 Former M. Sc. Student and Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University of Bushehr
2 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture, University of Guilan
چکیده [English]

Continual bearing and production of the highest quality fruits in kiwi requires initial training and regular annual pruning. Effects of three training systems including T-bar, as a common training system, Modified TY (MTY) and Y-shape (Y), and two pruning levels (60 and 80 buds per vine) was studied on yield and quality characteristics of kiwifruit ‘Hayward’. Experiment was carried out in a factorial experiment using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 2012. Results showed that the highest yield was obtained in Y80 treatment and the highest content of fruit tissue firmness, TSS and TSS/TA ratio were observed in Y60 treatment. The lowest fruit dry matter percentage belonged to MTY60, but fruits vitamin C was observed in Y60, Y80 and MTY60 systems. The highest content of total phenol was obtained in Y60 and MTY60 systems. However, the highest content of fruits extract total chlorophyll and antioxidant capacity at harvest time was observed in Y60. According to the results of this study, Y training system and pruning level of 60 buds per vine increased yield and quality of kiwifruit, respectively.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • A. deliciosa
  • antioxidant capacity
  • fruit quality
  • Leaf area
  • Light
  • pruning
  • Training
  1.  

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