تأثیر جایگزینی نسبی نیترات به‌وسیلۀ آمونیوم بر برخی پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و جذب عناصر پر‌مصرف دو رقم زیتون در شرایط شور

بهبهانی, فاطمه; ربیعی, ولی; طاهری, مهدی

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2015.54123

تأثیر جایگزینی نسبی نیترات به‌وسیلۀ آمونیوم بر برخی پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و جذب عناصر پر‌مصرف دو رقم زیتون در شرایط شور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد و دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

² استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زنجان

10.22059/ijhs.2015.54123

چکیده

‌آزمایشی برای بررسی اثر متقابل شوری و نسبت آمونیوم به نیترات بر نهال‏های زیتون به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. در این آزمایش چهار سطح شوری (0، 50، 100، 150 میلی‌مولار کلرید‌سدیم) و چهار نسبت مختلف آمونیوم به نیترات شامل: 14:0 (محلول بدون آمونیوم + meq/l 14 نیترات)؛ 12:2 (2 آمونیوم + 12 نیترات)؛ 10:4 (4 آمونیوم + 10 نیترات)؛ :6 8 (6 آمونیوم + 8 نیترات) بر روی نهال‏های یک‌سالۀ ارقام زرد و آربیکن کاشته‌شده در بستر پرلیت:‏ شن به نسبت 1:1 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف شوری به نسبت‌های مختلف جذب نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم، شاخص کلروفیل و شدت فتوسنتز را کاهش ولی مقدار پرولین و جذب سدیم را افزایش می‌دهد. رقم زرد بیشتر تحت‌تأثیر اثرات مضر شوری قرار گرفت. همچنین مشاهده شد که هم‌زمان با افزایش آمونیوم در محلول غذایی نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم و شدت فتوسنتز در رقم زرد افزایش ولی در رقم آربیکن کاهش می‌یابد. محلول غذایی حاوی یون‌های آمونیوم و نیترات با نسبت 6 به 8، با افزایش شدت فتوسنتز و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم در مقایسه با سایر محلول‌های غذایی در تعدیل اثرات مضر شوری کار‌آمدتر بود. همچنین این اثر در رقم زرد بارزتر از رقم آربیکن بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008482.1394.46.1.4.3

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Partial substitution of nitrate by ammonium on some physiological parameters and the uptake of macro element in olive cultivars under saline conditions

نویسندگان [English]

Fatemeh Behbahani ¹
vali rabiei ¹
Mehdi Taheri ²

¹ Former Graduate Student and Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan

² Assistant Professor, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Zanjan

چکیده [English]

A factorial experiment based on Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was performed with three replications to investigate the interaction between salinity and NH⁺₄/ NO^-₃ ratio on olive saplings. Four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100,150 mM) and different ratios of NH⁺₄/ NO^-₃ (0:14, 2:12, 4:10, 6:8) were applied on one-year old olive saplings grown in perlite: sand media (1:1). Results indicated that different levels of salinity, decreased N, P, K absorption, K/Na ratio, chlorophyll content index and photosynthesis rate and increased proline content and Na absorption in different rates. Zard cultivar was more affected by the deleterious effects of salinity. Also it was observed that increasing NH⁺₄in the nutrient solution enhanced K/Na ratio and photosynthesis rate in Zard cultivar while reduces mentioned parameters in cultivar Arbequina.Nutrient solution containing NH⁺₄ and NO^-₃ ions (8 to 6 ratio) in comparison with others with the increase of photosynthesis rate and K/Na ratio was more efficient in adjustment of deleterious effects of salinity. This effect was more obvious in ‘Zard’ than ‘Arbequina’.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

K/Na ratio
nitrogen
proline
Salinity stress

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