تاثیر ریزموجودات مفید روی پاسخ‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی انار رقم شیشه‌کپ تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشددانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 مربی پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات انار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

ریزموجودات مفید (EM)، یکی از کود‏های زیستی تجاری شامل باکتری‏های فتوسنتزی، باکتری‏های اسید‏ لاکتیک، قارچ و اکتینومیست‏هاست. برای ارزیابی اثر ریزموجودات مفید (صفر و 1 درصد) و تنش شوری (0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‏مولار) بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک انار رقم شیشه‏کپ، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در گلخانۀ تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام گرفت. برای اعمال تنش شوری از کلرید کلسیم و کلرید سدیم به نسبت 1:10 استفاده شد. شاخص‏های مطالعه‌شده شامل ارتفاع ساقۀ اصلی، وزن تر اندام هوایی، طول ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه و حجم ریشه، محتوی نسبی آب برگ، شاخص کلروفیل و نشت الکترولیت، محتوی پتاسیم و سدیم بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی شاخص‏های مورفوفیزیولوژیک اندازه‏گیری‌شده به‌جز نشت الکترولیت در تیمار 1‌درصد EM به‌طور معنا‏داری بیشتر از تیمار بدون EM تحت شرایط شوری بود. همچنین تحت شرایط تنش شدید شوری (150 میلی‏مولار) استفاده از EM موجب کاهش 5/12‌درصدی سدیم و افزایش 5/11‌درصدی پتاسیم، در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد EM شد. بر‌اساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش، به نظر می‏رسد، کاربرد ریزموجودات مفید می‏تواند اثرات مضر شوری را در سطوح پایین تنش کاهش ‏دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of ‘Effective Microorganisms’ on morpho-physiological traits in commercial cultivar of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. shishe-kap) under salinity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad aref Poorian 1
  • Golam hosein Davari nejad 2
  • Yahya Selahvarzi 3
چکیده [English]

Effective microorganisms (EM) is a commercial biofertilizer mainly consists of photosynthetic and lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes. In order to evaluate the influence of EM (0 and %1) and salt stress (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM and 150 mM) on the morphophysiological characteristics of pomegranate cv. shishe-kap, a factorial experiment was conducted based on the completely randomized design at the research greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. NaCl (10 part) and CaCl2 (1 part) were utilized to exert the salinity stress. Studied parameters included the main stem height, shoot fresh weight, root length, root dry weight, root volume, leaf relative water content, electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll index, potassium and sodium contents. The results showed that all the measured morphophysiological parameters expect the electrolyte leakage were significantly higher in EM treatment in comparison to no EM treatmant in saline conditions. In addition, under the extreme salinity stress (150 mM), application of 1% EM decreased the sodium content of to 12.5% and increased the potassium content to 11.5%. According to the obtained results from the above parameters, it seems that EM can reduce the harmful effects of salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Effective microorganisms
  • leaf relative water content
  • stem height
  • Chlorophyll index

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 آذر 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 بهمن 1392
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 اسفند 1392

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