تأثیر همزیستی میکوریزی بر کارایی جذب آب و برخی شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه زینتی استئوسپرموم (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’)

خندان میرکوهی, عزیزاله; ظفرفرخی, فروغ; طاهری, محمدرضا; رجالی, فرهاد

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2015.53486

تأثیر همزیستی میکوریزی بر کارایی جذب آب و برخی شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه زینتی استئوسپرموم (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار، دانشگاه تهران، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

² دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

³ استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

⁴ استادیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، بخش بیولوژی خاک، کرج، ایران

10.22059/ijhs.2015.53486

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر گونه‏های مختلف قارچ آرباسکولار میکوریز بر کارایی جذب آب و برخی شاخص‏های رشد گیاه زینتی استئوسپرموم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با شش تکرار در شرایط گلخانه‏ای‏ اجرا شد. همزیستی تعداد 22 گونه قارچ میکوریزی مختلف با این گیاه در این آزمایش مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد که قارچ آرباسکولار میکوریز Glomus mossea CA و Glomus mossea st6 نسبت به قارچ‏های دیگر اثر قابل توجهی بر شاخص‏های رشدی استئوسپرموم داشت. تلقیح گیاهان با قارچ Glomus mossea CA کارایی مصرف آب در گیاه را نسبت به گونه‏های دیگر افزایش داد. در قارچ Glomus sp.St2 نیز به‌رغم میزان کلون‏سازی کم آن با گیاه استئوسپرموم و عدم تأثیر مثبت آن در ویژگی‏های ریشۀ این گیاه، کارایی جذب آب بالایی مشاهده شد. قارچ‏های Glomus mossea St2 و Glomus sp St2 رابطۀ همزیستی مؤثری با این گیاه نداشتند و تأثیر دیگر گونه‏های میکوریزی در حد متوسط بود. علاوه بر آن گیاهان تلقیح‌شده با قارچ Glomus mossea st6 نسبت به گیاهان تلقیح‌شده با گونه‏های دیگر، به‌طور معنا‏داری وزن تر ریشه، طول ریشه و سطح ریشۀ بیشتری داشتند. بنابراین، نشان داده شد که تلقیح گیاه استئوسپرموم با گونه‏های مختلف قارچ آرباسکولار میکوریز بسته به گونۀ استفاده‌شده منجر به بهبود برخی شاخص‏های رویشی در این گیاه می‏شود و ثابت شد که گیاه زینتی استئوسپرموم در پاسخ به گونه‏های مختلف قارچ‏های آرباسکولار میکوریز واکنش متفاوتی نشان می‏دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008482.1393.45.4.5.3

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Mycohrizal symbiosis on water uptake efficiency and some growth traits of osteospermum (Osteospermum hybrida ‘Passion Mix’)

نویسندگان [English]

Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi ¹
Forough Zafar-Farrokhi ²
Mohammadreza Taheri ³
Farhad Rejali ⁴

² MSc. Student, Dep. of Horticulture Sciences, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

³ Asist. Prof. Dep. of Horticulture Sciences, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

⁴ Asist. Prof. Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

To study the effect of different arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on growth performance and water absorption efficiency of osteospermum, a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design was conducted in greenhouse. A total of 22 different species of mycorrhizal fungi in symbiosis with the plant studied in this experiment. The results showed that mycorrhiza fungus Glomus mossea CA and Glomus mossea st6 had a significant effect on growth indices of osteospermum compared to the others. Inoculation of osteospermum plants with the fungus Glomus mossea CA improved the water use efficiency better than other species of mycorrhizal fungi. Despite the low rates of colonization in inoculated plants with fungus Glomus sp St2 and its insignificant impact on the characteristics of this plant, high water absorption efficiency was observed. Fungus Glomus mossea St2 and Glomus sp St2 had no effective symbiotic relationship with this plant. Furthermore, plants inoculated with the fungus Glomus mossea st6 had significantly higher root length, root fresh weight and root surface compared to the plants inoculated with other strains. Thus, it was shown that different species of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi depending on the species used, can lead to improve some growth traits in this plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Colonization
Fungi Isolate
root inoculation
ornamental plant
Phosphorus

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