تاثیر محلول‌پاشی نانو ذره سلنیوم بر ویژگی‌های ظاهری و بیوشیمیایی گیاه سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه. ارومیه. ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر محلول­پاشی نانو ذره سلنیوم بر کاهش اثر منفی تنش خشکی در گیاه سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea 'Rose Carmine')، پژوهشی به­صورت کرت خرد شده در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه (مرحله نشا تا دو ماه) و سپس در زمین­های زراعی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه انجام شد. تیمارهای تنش خشکی (تیمار اصلی) بر اساس ظرفیت زراعی خاک و در چهار سطح 20، 40، 60 و 100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه به روش سنجش رطوبت خاک در عمق ریشه و با استفاده از دستگاه تی‌دی‌آر اعمال شدند. تیمار نانو ذره سلنیوم (تیمار فرعی) نیز همزمان با اعمال سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی، بصورت محلول­پاشی برگی و در چهار سطح صفر (شاهد)، 5، 10 و 20 میلی­گرم در لیتر و با فواصل دو هفته­ای و در یک دوره سه ماهه اعمال گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان انباشت پرولین (73/0 میکرومول بر گرم) در تیمار محلول­پاشی 20 میلی­گرم در لیتر نانوذره سلنیوم در شرایط تنش آبیاری 60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، کمترین مقدار انباشت مالون­دی آلدهاید (8/0 نانومول بر گرم بافت تازه) در تیمار محلول­پاشی 5 میلی­گرم در لیتر نانوذره سلنیوم در شرایط تنش آبیاری 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز (5/2 نانومول بر گرم بافت تازه)، در تیمار محلول­پاشی 20 میلی­گرم در لیتر نانوذره سلنیوم در شرایط تنش آبیاری 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی مشاهده شد که اختلاف معناداری با نمونه شاهد نشان داد. براساس نتایج حاصل، محلول­پاشی نانو ذره سلنیوم تاثیر مثبتی در افزایش میزان تحمل گیاه سرخارگل در شرایط تنش داشت و در نتیجه عملکرد و صفات رشدی به­طور معنی­داری تحت تاثیر سطوح آبیاری و تیمار محلول­پاشی قرار گرفت. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of foliar application of selenium nanoparticles on the appearance and biochemical characteristics of Echinacea purpurea under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam rezagholi 1
  • Javad Rezapour Fard 2
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 3
1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of selenium nanoparticles on alleviating the adversary influence of drought in Echinacea purpurea 'Rose Carmine cultivar', an experiment was planned in a split-plot based on a completely randomized design (RCD) with three replications. First, it was conducted under a greenhouse (for producing two-month seedlings) and then conducted in the farm of Agricultural Faculty of Uremia University. The treatments were as follows: drought stress as a main factor at different percentage of field capacity (FC), including 20, 40, 60, and 100% FC, and selenium nanoparticles (SNs) as sub-treatment at different concentrations including 0 or control, 5, 10, and 20 mg/l. In this context, the moisture content in the soil was measured by assessing soil moisture at the depth level of roots using a TDR device. In addition, the foliar spraying of SNs was simultaneously performed at different drought levels for a three-month period at a two-week interval. Results showed that the highest content of proline (0.73 µmol per g) was obtained by spraying 20 mg/l SNs at 60% FC. Furthermore, the lowest malondialdehyde accumulation (0.8 µmol/g of fresh tissue) was recorded in 5 mg/l SN at 20% FC, but the highest activity of ascorbate peroxidase (2/5 µmol/g of fresh tissue) was found in employing 20 mg/l of SNs under 20% FC. Both characteristics had a significant difference with those in the control. In conclusion, by influencing yield and vegetative growth indices of Echinacea purpurea, the foliar application of SN could improve the plant’s tolerance to drought.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic stress
  • Antioxidant properties
  • Medicinal plant
  • Nano particles

Extended Abstract

Introduction

Echinacea purpurea, belonging to Asteraceae, has been widely cultivated in urban green space because of its ornamental and medicinal properties. Given the importance of Echinacea purpurea in terms of ornamental and medicinal aspects as well as the existence of different global concern such as climate changes and water deficiency, there is an urgent need to utilize novel and efficient methods to induce plants tolerance to drought stress. In this regard, selenium nanoparticles SNs, a useful element in plant nutrition, can contribute to plants for tolerating various environmental stresses such as drought. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of SNs on mitigating the deleterious impact of drought stress on Echinacea purpurea 'Rose Carmine'.

 

Materials and Methods

The adequate-growing seedlings of the 'Rose Carmine' cultivar were transferred to a farm in the research greenhouse of Urmia University. Drought stress was applied based on the soil field capacity (FC) at four levels (20, 40, 60 and 100% FC) by measuring the soil moisture at the root depth using a TDR device. SNs treatment were applied at four levels including 0 (control), 5, 10 and 20 mg/l in form of foliar spraying at a two-week interval and in a three-month period, corresponded with employing drought treatments. The experiment was planned in a split plot based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. After flowering, the samples were collected and the traits were then measured. Analysis of variance and mean comparison were done using SAS software and Duncan's multiple range test, respectively.

 

Results and Discussion

In this study, the highest activity of ascorbate peroxidase was observed in the 20 mg/l SNs under 20% FC, differed significantly with those in the control. This may be attributed to selenium role in augmenting antioxidant activity, plant metabolic efficiency, and nutrient uptake and availability.

Additionally, the lowest accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in the 5 mg/l SNs under 20% FC. In general, MDA accumulation in plants is considered as a sign of lipid peroxidation or oxidative damage, intensified by a stressful condition. Therefore, a reduction in MDA accumulation in plants indicates their tolerance to drought and its harmful effects. The lowest MDA was recorded in 5 mg/l SNs under the severe drought stress, suggesting the efficiency of SNs on reduction of the damages caused by oxidative stress. Additionally, the highest activity of the guaiacol peroxidase was recorded in 20 mg/l SNs at 40% FC. In our study, SNs could improve the plant defense system against free radicals and reduce the rate of cellular damage.

 

Conclusion

According to the findings of this research, it can be concluded that foliar spraying of SNs could increase the resistance of the Echinacea purpurea and induce its tolerance to drought stress. We have shown that SNs could improve antioxidant defense system of plants, decrease lipid peroxidation, regulate plant metabolism, and enhance metabolic efficiency in plants.

 

Author Contributions

  1. Nazeri, M. Shokrpour and L. Tabrizi conceived and planned the experiments. M. Raoof carried out the experiments. M. Shokrpour and M. Raoof analyzed data. M. Raoof and V. Nazeri wrote the first manuscript. V. Nazeri, M. Shokrpour and L. Tabrizi contributed to the interpretation of the results. All authors provided critical feedback and helped shape the research, analysis and manuscript.

 

Data Availability Statement

Data available on request from the authors.

 

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the research council of the University of Tehran, Iran for the financial support of this research.

 

Ethical considerations

The authors avoided data fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and misconduct.

 

Conflict of interest

     The author declares no conflict of interest.

مراجع

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 56، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 43-63

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 آذر 1403

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