تأثیر کاربرد بیوچار و میکوریزا آربسکولار بر زی‌توده گیاهی و برخی عناصر غذایی دو واریته جعفری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران ‏

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر بیوچار و قارچ‌های میکوریزا بر رشد، زی‌توده‌ی گیاهی و برخی عناصر غذایی دو واریته جعفری بود. آزﻣﺎیش ﺑﻪ‌صورت فاکتوریل در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﻛﺎملاً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ با سه تکرار انجام شد. واریته‎های جعفری در دو سطح (کریسپوم و نئاپولیتانوم) به‌عنوان فاکتور اول، بیوچار در سه سطح (صفر، سه و شش درصد وزنی خاک) به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم و قارچ‌های میکوریزا (میکوریزا و عدم میکوریزا) به‌عنوان فاکتور سوم در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیش‎ترین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی (به ترتیب با 180/291 و 8783/64 گرم) مربوط به واریته کریسپوم و کاربرد میکوریزا با بیوچار سه درصد بود. بیش‎ترین وزن تر و خشک ریشه (به ترتیب با 74/70 و 68/18 گرم) و بیش‎ترین میزان کلونیزاسیون (96 درصد) در واریته نئاپولیتانوم با کاربرد میکوریزا به همراه کاربرد بیوچار سه درصد مشاهده شد. بیش‎ترین غلظت سدیم، پتاسیم، نیتروژن و مس در تیمار بیوچار شش درصد به‎دست آمد. تیمار میکوریزا نیز باعث افزایش غلظت منیزیم، آهن، مس و کلسیم در هر دو واریته نئاپولیتانوم و کریسپوم گردید. بیش‎ترین غلظت عنصر فسفر (67/8918 پی‎پی‎ام) مربوط به واریته نئاپولیتانوم با کاربرد میکوریزا و بیوچار شش درصد و بیش‎ترین غلظت عنصر منگنز (7296/50 پی‎پی‎ام) در واریته کریسپوم با کاربرد میکوریزا و بیوچار شش درصد به‎دست آمد. در مجموع در این مطالعه کاربرد بیوچار منجر به کلونیزاسیون بهتر ریشه‌ی جعفری با قارچ میکوریزا گردید. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد که استفاده توأم بیوچار و قارچ‎های میکوریزا شرایط بهتری را جهت دست‎یابی به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار و افزایش رشد وزی‌توده‌ی گیاه جعفری فراهم می‌آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal on biomass and some nutrients of two ‎parsley varieties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Bakhshipour 1
  • Hasan Mumivand 2
  • Ebrahim Sedaghati 3
  • Abdollah Ehteshamnia 2
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of biochar and mycorrhizal fungi on growth, plant biomass and some nutrients of two parsley cultivar. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. The first factor was parsley variety at two levels (crispum and neapolitanum). Application of biochar at three levels (0, three and six percent of soil weight) was used as the second factor. While, application of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in two levels (mycorrhiza and non mycorrhiza) was considered as the third factor. The results showed that the highest fresh and dry weights of aerial parts (210.218 and 64.8783 gr, respectively) was related to crispum cultivar with applications of mycorrhizal and biochar 3%. The highest fresh and dry weights of root (70.74 and 18.68 gr, respectively) and the highest colonization rate (96%) were observated in neapolitanum cultivar using mycorrhizal and biochar 3%. The highest amount of sodium, potassium, nitrogen and copper was obtained by application of biochar 6%. Mycorrhizal treatmeant also increased the concentration of magnesium, iron, copper and calcium in both neapolitanum and crispum cultivars. Finally, the highest amount of phosphorus (8918.678 ppm) was observed in neapolitanum cultivar with application of mycorrhizal and biochar 6%, while the highest concentration of manganese (50.7296 ppm) was obtained in crispum cultivar using mycorrhizal and biochar 6%. In general, in this study, application of biochar led to better colonization of parsley root with mycorrhizal fungus. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combined use of biochar and mycorrhizal fungi provides better conditions for achieving sustainable agricultural goals and increasing the growth of parsley.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biochar
  • biofertilizer
  • colonization
  • essential oil extraction wastes
  • nutrients

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 1027-1041

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 آبان 1399

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