ارزیابی جمعیت‌های اسفناج ایران از دیدگاه مطالعه همزمان صفات مورفولوژیک، شاخص‌های ‏فتوسنتزی و انباشت اکسالات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

اسفناج به سبب داشتن ارزش غذایی و اقتصادی بالا، همواره مورد توجه اصلاحگران بوده است. در این پژوهش تعداد 40 جمعیت متعلق به 3 گونه Spinacia oleracea، S. turkestanica و S. tetrandra از سراسر ایران، به علاوه یک جمعیت از کشور افغانستان و نیز دو رقم اصلاح شده Viroflay و Baby spinach ، ژرم­پلاسم مورد مطالعه را تشکیل دادند. در راستای انجام این آزمایش، تعداد 33 صفت در سه گروه مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد ساختار ژنتیکی ژرم‌پلاسم حاضر دارای تنوع مناسبی برای صفات مورد بررسی بود. میانگین ضریب تغییرات صفات مورد مطالعه 8/29 درصد بدست آمد. تجمع اکسالات در بین جمعیت­های مورد مطالعه دارای تفاوت معنی­داری بود. کمترین میانگین انباشت اکسالات 682 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر در جمعیت کرج از گونه اهلی S.oleracea و بیشترین مقدار 2902 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر در جمعیت بزنگان از گونه وحشی S. turkestanica مشاهده شد. نتایج آنالیز خوشه­ای، جمعیت­های دو گونه وحشی را در یک گروه مشترک و جدا از بقیه قرار داد. ضرایب همبستگی صفات مورد بررسی از 83/0- تا 99/0 متغیر بود. در مجموع 1/43 درصد از تمام روابط متقابل بین 33 صفت موجود دارای همبستگی معنی‌دار در سطح 1 یا 5 درصد بود. نتایج همبستگی نشان داد که گیاه با شاخص کارایی بیشتر، از ماندگاری پس از برداشت بیشتری نیز برخوردار بود. همچنین از میان تمام صفات تنها صفت تاول دار بودن سطح برگ دارای همبستگی منفی و معنی­دار با صفت  انباشت اکسالات بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Iranian spinach populations by the synchronic study of morphological ‎traits, photosynthetic indices and oxalate accumulation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Fazel Mirahmadi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Hassandokht 2
  • Mohammad Reza Fatahi Moghadam 2
  • MohammadReza Naghavi 2
  • Karamatollah Rezaee 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Spinach, due to high nutrition and economic value, highly regarded by the breeders. In this research, 40 populations belonging to three species of Spinacia oleracea, S. turkestanica, and S. tetrandra from most parts of Iran, along with a wild population from Afghanistan and two commercial cultivars Viroflay and Baby spinach, formed the studied germplasm. Thirty-three traits were classified under three groups of morphological, physiological, and biochemical. The results showed that the germplasm had a rich genetic structural diversity for the studied traits. The average coefficient variance of the studied traits was 29.8%. Oxalate accumulation showed a significant difference in the studied populations. The minimum oxalate accumulation was observed in the Karaj population of S. oleracea with 682 mg per 100 g FW. The maximum accumulation was found in the Bazangan population, the wild species of S. turkestanica, with 2902 mg per 100 g FW. The cluster analysis results put the two wild species populations in the same group and separated from the other ones. The coefficients of correlation were ranged from -0.83 to 0.99. In total, 43.1% out of all trait's interactions had a significant correlation (α = 0.01 or 0.05). The correlation results showed that the plant with a higher performance index had more freshness after harvesting. Also, the blistering was the only trait of among of all that had a significant negative correlation with oxalate accumulation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll fluorescence
  • ‎‏ ‏cluster analysis
  • germplasm
  • performance index
  • trait correlation‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 913-926

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 آذر 1399

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