اثر اسموپرایمینگ و محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی بر اجزای عملکرد و موسیلاژ گل در گیاه دارویی ختمی ‏‏(‏Althaea officinalis L.‎‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ‏ملاثانی، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

گیاه ختمی در طب سنتی ایران و صنایع دارویی برای بیماری های مختلف، از جمله مشکلات گوارشی، سوزش پوست و سرفه استفاده می‌شود. عنصر روی نقش مهمی در فعالیت‌های متابولیک گیاهان داشته و می‌تواند بر کمیت و کیفیت گیاهان دارویی اثر بگذارد. اسموپرایمینگ بذر می‌تواند به افزایش جوانه‌زنی، خروج از خاک، استقرار و رشد گیاهان در شرایط مزرعه کمک نماید. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی اتجام شد. عامل اول اسموپرایمینگ بذر با پلی‏اتیلن‏گلایکول 6000  در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد، منفی سه، منفی شش و منفی نُه بار) و عامل دوم محلول‌پاشی روی از منبع سولفات روی در چهار سطح  (عدم کاربرد، یک، دو و سه گرم در لیتر) بود. اسموپرایمینگ بر وزن خشک گل و عملکرد موسیلاژ و محلول‌پاشی روی بر وزن خشک گل، شاخص برداشت گل، تعداد دانه در میوه و عملکرد موسیلاژ اثر معنی‌دار داشتند. برهمکنش اسمو‌پرایمینگ و محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی بر صفات تعداد گل و میوه در بوته، وزن خشک میوه، عملکرد دانه و درصد موسیلاژ معنی‌دار گردید. محلول‌پاشی دو گرم در لیتر روی عملکرد موسیلاژ و وزن خشک گل را به‌ترتیب 46 و 57 درصد نسبت به عدم کاربرد افزایش داد. بالاترین درصد موسیلاژ از عدم کاربرد تیمارها به‌دست آمد. به‌طور کلی در این آزمایش بیشترین عملکرد گل و موسیلاژ از سطوح میانه تیمارها (دو گرم در لیترسولفات روی و اسموپرایمینگ منفی شش بار) حاصل گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of osmopriming and zinc foliar spraying on yield components and mucilage of ‎flower in Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis L.) medicinal plant

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azadeh Pirmohammadi 1
  • Alireza Abdali Mashhadi 2
  • Ahmad Koochekzadeh 3
  • Amin Lotf Jalal abadi 3
  • Abdolreza Siahpoush 3
1 Former M. Sc. Student,, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural ‎Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of ‎Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
چکیده [English]

The marshmallow is used in Iranian traditional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry for various ailments, including digestive problems, skin irritation and coughs. Zinc plays an important role in the metabolic activities of plants and can affect the quantity and quality of medicinal plants. Osmopriming of seeds could be helping to increase germination, coming out of the soil, establishment, and growth of plants in the field conditions. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design. The first factor was  seed osmopriming with polyethylene glycol 6000 at four levels (control, -3, -6 and -9 bar) and the second factor was zinc foliar spraying from zinc sulfate source at four levels (0, 1, 2 and 3 g. l-1). Osmopriming on dry weight of the flowers and mucilage yield and zinc foliar spraying on dry weight of flower, number of seeds per fruit and mucilage yield had a significant effect. Treatments had no significant effect on 1000-seed weight. The interaction of osmopriming and zinc foliar spraying in the traits of the number of flowers and fruits per plant, dry weight of fruit, seed yield and mucilage percentage was significant. Foliar spraying 2 g.l-1 of zinc increased the mucilage yield and the flower dry weight, 46% and 57% compared to the control, respectively. The highest mucilage percentage was obtained from control treatments. Generally, the highest yield of flowers and mucilage was obtained from the middle levels of treatments (2 g. l-1 zinc sulfate and -6 bar osmopriming).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flower yield
  • mucilage yield
  • polyethylene glycol
  • zinc sulfate

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 877-887

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 فروردین 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 13 مهر 1399

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