تاثیر تنوع محیطی بر عملکرد گل و اسانس ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گل محمدی (‏Rosa damascena‏) ‏‏(مطالعه موردی: استان کردستان)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان‎ ‎تحقیقات،‎ ‎آموزش‎ ‎و‎ ‎ترویج‎ ‎کشاورزی،‎ ‎سنندج، ایران

2 کارشناس کشاورزی و آب اتاق بازرگانی، صنایع ، معادن و کشاورزی سنندج، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی سازگاری محیطی جزو مهم­ترین نیازهای ژنوتیپ­های گل محمدی(Rosa damascena) به عنوان یکی از گونه­های معطر و دارویی مهم کشور است. این تحقیق با هدف ارزیابی عملکرد گل و اسانس پنج ژنوتیپ­ برتر (KR2، IS3، IS4، IS8 و YZ2) به مدت پنج سال (۱۳9۰-139۴) تحت دو شرایط اقلیمی سرد نیمه‌خشک (سقز) و نیمه‌مرطوب (مریوان) در کردستان بصورت کرت­های خرد شده با سه تکرار اجراء شد. نتایج تفاوت معنی­داری از لحاظ صفات عملکرد گل و اسانس بین مکان­ها (L)، سال­ها (Y) و ژنوتیپ­ها (G) و نیز اثرات متقابل آنها نشان داد. میانگین کل بازده اسانس 02/0 درصد و عملکرد گل و اسانس برابر 2/757 کیلوگرم و 9/188 گرم در هکتار بود. عملکرد گل و اسانس ژنوتیپ­ها در سقز بیشتر از مریوان، اما درصد اسانس آنها در مریوان بیشتر بود که موید آن است که در مناطق خنک­تر، عملکرد گل بیشتر ولی نسبت اسانس گل کمتر است. در مجموع، سه ژنوتیپ KR2، IS8 و IS4 برای کاشت در کردستان و مناطق مشابه توصیه می­شوند. با توجه به تنومندی و عملکرد بالای گل، ژنوتیپ KR2 با منشأ کردستان برای اهداف تولید گل و ژنوتیپ­های گروه اصفهان مانندIS8 و IS4 برای تولید اسانس اولویت دارند. در کل، با لحاظ توأم صفات عملکردی تولید گل و اسانس ژنوتیپ­هایIS8، IS4 و  KR2 برای مناطق سرد و نیمه­خشک مانند سقز و IS4 و KR2 برای مناطق نیمه‌مرطوب مانند مریوان سازگاری بیشتری داشته و  برای کاشت و توسعه گل محمدی توصیه می­گردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of environmental variation on the flower and essential oil yield of superior ‎genotypes of Rosa damascena Mill. (case study: Kurdestan province)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bayzid Yousefi 1
  • Arsalan Fadakar 2
1 Associate Professor, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Agriculture and Water Expert of Sanandaj Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Environmental compatibility assessment is the most important needs of Rosa damascena genotypes as one of the most important aromatic and medicinal species in the country. The present project was conducted with the aim of evaluating the flower and essential oil yield of five superior genotypes for five years (2011-2015) under two climatic conditions of cold semi-arid (Saqez) and semi-humid (Marivan) in Kurdistan as split plot with three replications. The results showed significant difference for flower and essential oil yield between locations (L), years (Y) and genotypes (G), and their interactions. The total mean of essential oil ratio was 0.02 % and flower and essential oil yield were 757.2 kg/ha and 188.9 g/ha. The flower and essential oil yield of Saqez was more than Marivan, but essential oil ratio was more in Marivan, then it seems that flower yield to be higher in the cooler areas but essential oil ratio to be higher in warmer areas. In general, the genotypes of KR2, IS8 and IS4 are recommended for planting in Kurdistan and similar regions. Regarding to the fluctuation and high flower yield, KR2 genotype is recommended for the purpose of flower production, but Isfahan group of genotypes, such as IS8 and IS4 for essential oil purpose. With consideration of the combined yields of flowers and essential oils, the genotypes of IS8, IS4 and KR2 are recommented for cold and semi-arid areas such as Saqez, and the genotypes of IS4 and KR2 for the semi-humid regions similar to Marivan.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adaptation
  • cold and semi-arid area
  • Rosa damascena
  • semi-humid area

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 779-788

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 بهمن 1399

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