A study on the effects of environmental factors on vegetative characteristics and corm yield of saffron (Crocus sativus)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Azad Islamic University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

چکیده

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most important economical crops in Iran. The present study was conducted to evaluate the morphological characteristics and yield of saffron corms in six regions of Talesh city, Guilin province (Iran) with different altitudes. The studied regions were considered as treatments and the obtained data were analyzed based on a nested design. The results showed significant difference among the cultivation areas in terms of number, diameter and dry weight of corm. The areas withaltitudesof ~1250 and ~1400 m produced the maximum number of corm per plant (7.64 and 6.16, respectively). The highest corm diameter (15.7 mm) and dry weight (0.94 g) were produced in the plain region with ~30 m altitude. Direct associations were observed among environmental factors such as precipitation, relative humidity, annual mean temperature and saffron corm weight. According to the results of the present experiment, saffron corm can be efficiently produced in Talesh region of Guilan province.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A study on the effects of environmental factors on vegetative characteristics and corm yield of saffron (Crocus sativus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haydeh Rahimi 1
  • Majid Shokrpour 2
  • Leila Tabrizi Raeini 3
  • Ezatollah Esfandiari 4
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Azad Islamic University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most important economical crops in Iran. The present study was conducted to evaluate the morphological characteristics and yield of saffron corms in six regions of Talesh city, Guilin province (Iran) with different altitudes. The studied regions were considered as treatments and the obtained data were analyzed based on a nested design. The results showed significant difference among the cultivation areas in terms of number, diameter and dry weight of corm. The areas withaltitudesof ~1250 and ~1400 m produced the maximum number of corm per plant (7.64 and 6.16, respectively). The highest corm diameter (15.7 mm) and dry weight (0.94 g) were produced in the plain region with ~30 m altitude. Direct associations were observed among environmental factors such as precipitation, relative humidity, annual mean temperature and saffron corm weight. According to the results of the present experiment, saffron corm can be efficiently produced in Talesh region of Guilan province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • altitude
  • dendrogram
  • morphological characteristics
  • Saffron
  • yield

مراجع

  1. Abdullaev, F. I. (2002). Cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Experimental Biology and Medicine, 227, 20-25.
  2. Amirnia, R., Bayati, M. and Tajbakhshi, M. (2014). Effects of Nano Fertilizer Application and Maternal Corm Weight on Flowering at Some Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Ecotypes. Turkish Journal of  Field Crops, 19(2), 158-168.
  3. Behnia, M. R. (1991). Saffron: Botany, Cultivation and Production. 1st Ed. University Tehran Press, Iran, ISBN: 964-03-3177-9.
  4. DeMastro, G. & Ruta, C. (1993).Relation between corm size and saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flowering. Acta Horticulture, 344, 512-517.
  5. Duke, J. A. (1979). Ecosystematic data on economic plants. Quarterly Journal of Crude Drug Research, 17, 91-110.
  6. Fernandez, J. A. (2004).Biology, biotechnology and biomedicine of saffron. Recent Research Developments in Plant Science, 2, 127-159.
  7. Galavi, M., Soloki, M. Mousavi, S. R. & Ziyaie, M. (2008). Effect of Planting Depth and Soil Summer Temperature Control on Growth and Yield of Saffron (Crocus  sativus L.). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 7(8), 747-751.
  8. Gresta, F., Lombardo, G. M.  Siracusa, L.  & Rubertom G. (2008). Saffron, an alternative crop for sustainable agricultural systems. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 28, 95-112.
  9. Kafi, M., Koocheki, A. Rashed Mohassel, M. H. & Nassiri, M. (2006). Saffron, production and processing. Science Publishers, New Hampshire, USA.
  10. Kamyabi, S., Habibi nokhandan, M. & Rohi, A. 2014. Effect of climatic factors affecting saffron using analytic hierarchy process (AHP); (Case Study Roshtkhar Region, Iran).  Journal of Saffron Agronomy and Technology, 2(1), 75-90.
  11. Kaushal, S. K. & Upadhyay, R. G. (2002). Studies on variation in corm size and its effect on corm production and flowering in Crocus sativus L. under mid hill conditions of H. P.. Research on Crops, 3(1), 126-128.
  12. Koocheki, A., Nassiri, M. & Ghorbani, R. (2007). In: Proceeding of Π International Symposium on Saffron Biology and Technology. Vol. 1, Mashhad, Iran, ISBN:  978-90-66052-67-3.
  13. Kumar, R., Singh, V.  Devi, K. Sharma, M.  Singh, M. K. & Ahuja, P. S. (2009).State of Art of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Agronomy: A Comprehensive Review. Food Reviews International, 25, 44–85.
  14. Lage, M. & Cantrell, C. L. (2009). Quantification of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) metabolites crocins, picrocrocin and safranal for quality determination of the spice grown under different environmental Moroccan conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 121(3), 366-373. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.02.017
  15. Magesh, V., Singh, J. P. V. Selvendiran, K. Ekambara, M. G. & Sakthisekaran, D. (2006). Antitumor activity of crocetin in accordance to tumor incidence, antioxidant status, drug metabolizing enzymes and histopathological studies. Molecular Cell Biochemistry, 287, 127-135.
  16. Mir, G. M. (1992). Saffron Agronomy in Kashmir. Glucan Publishers, Srinagar- India.
  17. Molina, R.V. Valero, M. Navarro, Y. Guardiola, J. L. & Garcia-Luis, A. (2005). Temperature effects on flower formation in saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Scientia Horticulture, 103, 361-379.
  18. Omidbaigi, R., Sadeghi, B. & Ramezanim A. (2001). Effects of cultivation site on quality of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Iranian Journal of Horticulture, Science and Technology, 1, 167-178.
  19. Panwar, K. S., Saroch, K. & Vashist, G. D. (1995). Potential and prospects of saffron in temperate hills of Himachal Pradesh. Agricultural Situation in India, 49, 13-16.
  20. Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Karbasi, A., Tosan, M., Gharari, F., Feizi, H., & Mohtashami, T. (2016). Saffron Agronomy and Technology-Book of Abstracts: 2013-2016. Journal of Saffron Agronomy and Technology, 4(SUPPLEMENT), 1-78. doi:10.22048/jsat.2016.39250
  21. Schmidt, M., Betti, G. & Hensel, A. (2007). Saffron in phytotherapy: pharmacology and clinical uses. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift, 157, 315-319.
  22. Sharaf-Edin, M., Fernandez, J. A.  Al-Khedhairi, A. & Elsayed, E. A. (2013). Effect of Corm Weight on Saffron Production in Saudi Arabia. Life Science Journal, 10(4), 262-265.
  23. Sheykhdavodi, M. J., Ebrahimi Nik, M. A. Pourreza Bilondi, M. Atashi, M. & Seyedian, M. (2010). Mechanization planning for tillage of saffron fields using multiple criteria ecisionmaking technique as a policy framework in Iran. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4(5), 295-300.
  24. Winterhalter, P. & Straubinger, M. (2000). Saffron: Renewed interest in an ancient spice. Food Reviews International, 16, 39-59.
علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 48، ویژه نامه
مهر 1396
صفحه 45-52

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 دی 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 فروردین 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 فروردین 1396

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار