تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی بر برخی ویژگی‏‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیوشیمیایی سه رقم ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)

مقدم, محمد; علیرضایی نقندر, مرتضی; سلاح ورزی, یحیی; گلدانی, مرتضی

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2015.55870

تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی بر برخی ویژگی‏‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیوشیمیایی سه رقم ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمد مقدم ¹

مرتضی علیرضایی نقندر ²

یحیی سلاح ورزی ³

مرتضی گلدانی ⁴

¹ استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

² دانشجوی سابق دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³ مربی پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات انار، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

⁴ استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

10.22059/ijhs.2015.55870

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی سه رقم اصلاح‌شدۀ ریحان در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1391 انجام شد. آزمایش گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایۀ طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه رقم تجاری ریحان Comin Hoja Larga)، Rubi،Genoes ) و سه سطح تنش خشکی (شاهد، تنش متوسط 75 درصد و تنش شدید 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بود. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس صفات مورفولوژیکی نشان داد که بین ارتفاع بوته، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و درصد اسانس در ارقام مختلف اختلاف معنا‏داری وجود دارد. همچنین سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی تأثیر معنا‏داری بر تعداد شاخۀ فرعی، وزن تر و درصد اسانس در ارقام مختلف داشت. بر‌اساس نتایج این پژوهش ارقام ‌استفاده‌شده پاسخ فیزیولوژیکی متفاوتی نسبت به تنش خشکی نشان دادند‌ به‌طوری‌که رقم Comin Hoja Larga توانست تنش 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی را سه هفته قبل از برداشت به‌خوبی تحمل کند. بیشترین میزان کلروفیل b (51/0 میلی‏گرم بر گرم وزن تر) در تنش شدید (50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) حاصل شد. به‌منظور تولید بیشتر میزان اسانس (75/0 درصد) تنش شدید (50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) در شرایط مشابه توصیه می‏شود.
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کلیدواژه‌ها

پارامترهای فیزیولوژیک

تنش خشکی‌

صفات مورفولوژیک

وزن خشک

20.1001.1.2008482.1394.46.3.15.8

عنوان مقاله English

The effect of drought stress on some morphological and physicochemical characteristics of three cultivars of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Moghadam ¹

Morteza Alirezaei Noghondar ²

Yahya Selahvarzi ³

Morteza Goldani ⁴

¹ Assistant Professor, Departement of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

² , Ph.D. Student, Departement of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

³ Instructor, Center of Pomegranate Research, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

⁴ Assistant of Prof. Departement of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده English

This research was conducted to assay the effect of different levels of irrigation on morphological and physicochemical characteristics of three cultivars of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 2012. The pot experiment was performedas a factorial based on randomized complete design with four replications. The factors included three commercial cultivars of basil (Comin Hoja Larga, Rubi, Genoes) and three levels of drought stress (100, 75, 50% FC). The results showed that cultivars had significant effect on plant height, dry and fresh weight and oil content. Also different levels of drought stress had significant effect on the number of branches, fresh weight and oil content. Studied cultivars showed different physiological response to drought stress. As cultivar Comin Hoja Larga could well tolerate 50% FC three weeks before harvesting time. High chlorophyll b content (0.51 mg/g fresh weight) was observed in severe stress (50% FC). In order to product maximum oil content (0.75), severe stress (50% FC) in same condition is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

morphological characteristics

physiological parameters

dry weight

Drought stress

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