اثر کائولین بر فیزیولوژی درخت، آفتاب‌سوختگی سطحی و خواص کمّی و کیفی ‌میوۀ دو رقم تجاری سیب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

3 کارشناس ارشد ، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

4 استاد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

مطالعۀ حاضر به‌منظور بررسی آثار کاربرد کائولین برای کاهش آثار سوء دماهای بالا به‌ویژه آفتاب‌سوختگی میوه در سیب انجام شد. تیمارهای استفاده‌شده در این پژوهش شامل چهار غلظت کائولین (0،2، 4 و 6 درصد) روی دو رقم مهم و تجاری سیب استان فارس ‘گلدن دلیشز’ و ‘استارکینگ دلیشز’ بود. شاخص‏های اندازه‏گیری شده در این پژوهش شامل شاخص‏های فیزیولوژیکی، آفتاب‌سوختگی میوه و صفات کمّی و کیفی میوه بود. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش غلظت کائولین محلول‏پاشی شده در هر دو رقم میزان فتوسنتز افزایش و دمای برگ و تعرق کاهش یافت. رقم ‘استارکینگ دلیشز’ آفتاب‌سوختگی بیشتری نسبت به رقم ‘گلدن دلیشز’ داشت و با افزایش غلظت کائولین، میزان آفتاب‌سوختگی کاهش پیدا کرد. تیمار کائولین بدون اختلاف معنادار بین سطوح آن، شاخص‌های کمّی میوه را نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. در بین شاخص‌های کیفی میوه تیمار کائولین سبب افزایش وزن خشک و رنگ زمینه و کاهش زنگار‌زدگی و آب‌گزیدگی میوه شد. تیمار کائولین بر سفتی، مواد جامد محلول، اسیدیته و رنگ سطحی میوه تأثیر معناداری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of kaolin on tree physiology, superficial sunburn and fruit quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two commercial apple cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali gharaghani 1
  • Saied Eshghi 2
  • Yasamin Khajenouri 3
  • Majid Rahemi 4
1 Assistant ProfessorFaculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Associate ProfessorFaculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
3 Former M. Sc. Student Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
4 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to examine the effects of kaolin spray for reducing the adverse effects of high radiation and temperature, especially on fruit sunburn in apple. Treatments were four concentration of kaolin (0, 2, 4, and 6%) and two important and commercial apple cultivars in Fars province; ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Starking Delicious’. Trees physiological parameters, fruit sunburn and fruit quantitative and qualitative characteristics were measured. Results showed that as kaolin concentration increase, net photosynthesis was increased and leaf temperature and transpiration were decreased in both cultivars. Incensement of kaolin concentration lead to reduced sunburn symptoms in both cultivars but ‘Starking Delicious’ showed more sunburn than ‘Golden Delicious. Kaolin treatments (with no differences among them) improved almost all of fruit quantitative parameters in comparison to control. Among fruit qualitative characteristics, kaolin treatments increased dry mater and background color and reduced russeting and water core incidence. Kaolin spray didn’t have any significant effect on fruit firmness, total soluble solids, acidity and surface color. Regarding mentioned results, it could be concluded that kaolin spray can be a useful approach to reduce adverse effects of high irradiation and temperature in apple orchards.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Apple
  • kaolin
  • sunburn
  • tree physiology
  • fruit quality
  1.  

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