Effects of LED light spectrum on morphological traits and mineral element ‎concentrations of grafted and non-grafted tomato seedlings

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors

1 Ph. D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University ‎of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

In this experiment, we investigated impacts of various LED light qualities, including 100% red, 100% blue, 70% red + 30% blue, and 100% white with the same light intensity 75±5 µmol m-2 s-1 for 30 days on the growth and mineral element concentrations in grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ rootstock and non-grafted tomato seedlings. Photoperiod, temperature, and relative humidity of the growth chamber were maintained at 16 h, 25/21±2 °C (day/night), and 95%, respectively. Results showed that the maximum of plant height was obtained in non-grafted seedlings under 100% R light. The maximum of stem diameter was obtained under 100% B and 70% R:30 %B treatments. The maximum of root fresh weight was obtained under 100% W and 70 % R:30 %B treatments, while the maximum of root dry weight was obtained under 70 % R:30 % B light treatment. The maximum of leaf area, shoot and total dry weight were obtained in non-grafted seedlings under 70 % R:30 % B light treatment. In addition, non-grafted seedlings under 100% R treatment had the highest P concentration. The maximum of K was obtained in grafted seedlings under 100% B, 100% R and 70 % R:30 %B light treatments and non-grafted seedlings under 100% W and 70 % R:30 % B light treatments. Grafted seedlings under 100% B had the highest Ca concentration. In addition, the maximum of Mg was obtained in non-grafted seedlings under 100% W treatment. Collectively, our results showed that combination of 70% red and 30% blue light and as well as the use of a powerful rootstock like ‘Maxifort’ could promotes plant growth and mineral element concentrations for tomato seedlings.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Ahmad, M., Grancher, N., Heil, M., Black, R. C., Giovani, B., Galland, P., & Lardemer, D. (2002). Action spectrum for cryptochrome-dependent hypocotyl growth inhibition in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology, 129(2), 774-785.
  2. Amoozgar, A., Mohammadi, A., & Sabzalian, M.R. (2017). Impact of light-emitting diode irradiation on photosynthesis, phytochemical composition and mineral element content of lettuce cv. Grizzly. Photosynthetica, 55, 85-95.
  3. Bantis, F., Koukounaras, A., Siomos, A. S., Fotelli, M. N., & Kintzonidis, D. (2020). Bichromatic red and blue LEDs during healing enhance the vegetative growth and quality of grafted watermelon seedlings. Scientia Horticulturae, 261, 109000.
  4. Barickman, T. C., Kopsell, D. A., Sams, C. E., & Morrow, R. C. (2020). Sole-source LED lighting and fertility impact shoot and root tissue mineral elements in Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea alboglabra). Horticulturae, 6(3), 40.
  5. Brazaitytė, A., Vaštakaitė-Kairien, V., Jankauskienė, J., Viršilė, A., Samuolienė, G., Sakalauskienė, S., ... & Duchovskis, P. (2018). Effect of blue light percentage on mineral elements content in Brassica microgreens. Acta Horticulturae, 1271, (119-126).
  6. Camejo, D., Frutos, A., Mestre, T. C., del Carmen Piñero, M., Rivero, R. M., & Martínez, V. (2020). Artificial light impacts the physical and nutritional quality of lettuce plants. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 61(1), 69-82.
  7. Colla, G., Pérez-Alfocea, F., & Schwarz, D. (2017). Vegetable grafting: principles and practices. CABI.
  8. Degni, B. F., Haba, C. T., Dibi, W. G., Soro, D., & Zoueu, J. T. (2021). Effect of light spectrum on growth, development, and mineral contents of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Open Agriculture, 6(1), 276-285.
  9. Dierck, R., Dhooghe, E., Van Huylenbroeck, J., Van Der Straeten, D., & De Keyser, E. (2017). Light quality regulates plant architecture in different genotypes of Chrysanthemum morifoliumScientia Horticulturae, 218, 177-186.
  10. Dorais, M., Ehret, D. L., & Papadopoulos, A. P. (2008). Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) health components: from the seed to the consumer. Phytochemistry Reviews, 7(2), 231-250.
  11. Dutta Gupta, S., & Agarwal, A. (2017). Artificial lighting system for plant growth and development: Chronological advancement, working principles, and comparative assessment. In Light emitting diodes for agriculture: Smart Lighting, 1-25.
  12. Engels, C., Kirkby, E., & White, P. (2012). Mineral nutrition, yield and source–sink relationships. In Marschner's Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press. 85-133.
  13. Esmaeilizadeh, M., Malekzadeh Shamsabad, M. R., Roosta, H. R., Dąbrowski, P., Rapacz, M., Zieliński, A., ... & Kalaji, H. M. (2021). Manipulation of light spectrum can improve the performance of photosynthetic apparatus of strawberry plants growing under salt and alkalinity stress. Plos one, 16(12), e0261585.
  14. Fang, L., Ma, Z., Wang, Q., Nian, H., Ma, Q., Huang, Q., & Mu, Y. (2021). Plant growth and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean seedlings under different LED lighting quality conditions. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 40(2), 668-678.
  15. Głowacka, B. (2004). The effect of blue light on the height and habit of the tomato Lycopersicon esculentum) transplant. Folia Horticulturae, 16(2), 3-10.
  16. Jang, Y., Goto, E., Ishigami, Y., Mun, B., & Chun, C. (2011). Effects of light intensity and relative humidity on photosynthesis, growth and graft-take of grafted cucumber seedlings during healing and acclimatization. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 52(4), 331-338.
  17. Javanmardi, J. (2009). Scientific and practical basics for production of vegetable seedlings. (1st). Jahad Daneshgahi Publication, Mashhad. (In Farsi)
  18. Kaiser, E., Ouzounis, T., Giday, H., Schipper, R., Heuvelink, E., & Marcelis, L. F. (2019). Adding blue to red supplemental light increases biomass and yield of greenhouse-grown tomatoes, but only to an optimum. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 2002.
  19. KAYAL, W. E., Allen, C. C., JU, C. J. T., Adams, E. R. I., KING‐JONES, S. U. S. A. N. N. E., Zaharia, L. I., ... & Cooke, J. E. (2011). Molecular events of apical bud formation in white spruce, Picea glauca. Plant, cell & Environment, 34(3), 480-500.
  20. Kurepin, L. V., Walton, L. J., Hayward, A., Emery, R. N., Pharis, R. P., & Reid, D. M. (2012). Interactions between plant hormones and light quality signaling in regulating the shoot growth of Arabidopsis thalianaBotany, 90(3), 237-246.
  21. Kumar, P., Rouphael, Y., Cardarelli, M., & Colla, G. (2015). Effect of nickel and grafting combination on yield, fruit quality, antioxidative enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, and mineral composition of tomato. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 178(6), 848-860.
  22. Kumar, P., Rouphael, Y., Cardarelli, M., & Colla, G. (2017). Vegetable grafting as a tool to improve drought resistance and water use efficiency. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1130.
  23. Lau, O. S., & Deng, X. W. (2010). Plant hormone signaling lightens up: integrators of light and hormones. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 13(5), 571-577.
  24. Lee, J. M., Kubota, C., Tsao, S. J., Bie, Z., Echevarria, P. H., Morra, L., & Oda, M. (2010). Current status of vegetable grafting: Diffusion, grafting techniques, automation. Scientia Horticulturae, 127(2), 93-105.
  25. Li, Y., Liu, Z., Shi, Q., Yang, F., & Wei, M. (2021). Mixed red and blue light promotes tomato seedlings growth by influencing leaf anatomy, photosynthesis, CO2 assimilation and endogenous hormones. Scientia Horticulturae, 290, 110500.
  26. Malekzadeh Shamsabad, M. R., Esmaeilizadeh, M., Roosta, H. R., Dąbrowski, P., Telesiński, A., & Kalaji, H. M. (2022). Supplemental light application can improve the growth and development of strawberry plants under salinity and alkalinity stress conditions. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1-13.
  27. Moosavi-Nezhad, M., Salehi, R., Aliniaeifard, S., Tsaniklidis, G., Woltering, E. J., Fanourakis, D., ... & Kalaji, H. M. (2021). Blue light improves photosynthetic performance during healing and acclimatization of grafted watermelon seedlings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(15), 8043.
  28. Naznin, M. T., Lefsrud, M., Gravel, V., & Azad, M. O. K. (2019). Blue light added with red LEDs enhance growth characteristics, pigments content, and antioxidant capacity in lettuce, spinach, kale, basil, and sweet pepper in a controlled environment. Plants, 8(4), 93.
  29. Neff, M. M., Fankhauser, C., & Chory, J. (2000). Light: an indicator of time and place. Genes & development, 14(3), 257-271.
  30. Nguyen, D. T., Kitayama, M., Lu, N., & Takagaki, M. (2020). Improving secondary metabolite accumulation, mineral content, and growth of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) by regulating light quality in a plant factory. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 95(3), 356-363.
  31. Rivard CL, Louws FJ. (2008). Grafting to manage soilborne diseases in heirloom tomato production. Journal of Hortcultural Science, 43(7), 2104-11.
  32. Ryan, J., Estefan, G., & Rashid, A. (2007). Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory Manual. ICARDA
  33. Savvas, D., Savva, A., Ntatsi, G., Ropokis, A., Karapanos, I., Krumbein, A., & Olympios, C. (2011). Effects of three commercial rootstocks on mineral nutrition, fruit yield, and quality of salinized tomato. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 174(1), 154-162.
  34. Seif, M., Aliniaeifard, S., Arab, M., Mehrjerdi, M. Z., Shomali, A., Fanourakis, D., ... & Woltering, E. (2021). Monochromatic red light during plant growth decreases the size and improves the functionality of stomata in chrysanthemum. Functional Plant Biology, 48(5), 515-528.
  35. Singh, H., Kumar, P., Kumar, A., Kyriacou, M. C., Colla, G., & Rouphael, Y. (2020). Grafting tomato as a tool to improve salt tolerance. Agronomy, 10(2), 263.
  36. Tahmasebi, F. (2010). Physiological investigation of the irrigation effect with salty water from NaCl and CaCl2 sources on three genotype of Canola (Brassica napus L.) in Ahvaz climate. Master Thesis. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran. (In Farsi)
  37. Tamulaitis, G., Duchovskis, P., Bliznikas, Z., Breivė, K., Ulinskaite, R., Brazaityte, A., ... & Žukauskas, A. (2005). High-power light-emitting diode based facility for plant cultivation. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 38(17), 3182.
  38. Wallace, C., & Both, A. J. (2016). Evaluating operating characteristics of light sources for horticultural applications. Acta Horticulturae, 1134, (435-444).
  39. Wang, L., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Hao, J., & Lan, J. (2011). Effect of different light of LED light quality on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities of Ganoderma lucidum. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi= Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi= China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 36(18), 2471-2474.
  40. Yousef, A. F., Ali, M. M., Rizwan, H. M., Ahmed, M. A., Ali, W. M., Kalaji, H. M., ... & Chen, F. (2021). Effects of light spectrum on morpho-physiological traits of grafted tomato seedlings. Plos One, 16(5), e0250210.
  41. Yu, X., Liu, H., Klejnot, J., & Lin, C. (2010). The cryptochrome blue light receptors. The Arabidopsis Book/American Society of Plant Biologists, 8.
  42. OuYang, F., Mao, J. F., Wang, J., Zhang, S., & Li, Y. (2015). Transcriptome analysis reveals that red and blue light regulate growth and phytohormone metabolism in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. PLoS One, 10(8), e0127896.
Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 53, Issue 4
January 2023
Pages 977-988

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 18 March 2022
  • Revise Date: 04 July 2022
  • Accept Date: 16 July 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics